Due to the negative consequences carried by the usage of synthetic insecticides, a global interest into finding substitutes for these chemical compounds through natural products has arisen. When yielded to external attacks, plants generally produce metabolites to defend themselves. The physicochemical characteristics of this kind of compounds have allowed their usage as potential bioinsecticides. The Hymenaea courbaril L. (algarrobo) has proven to be a plant rich in metabolites with outstanding biological activity, in such a way that some of its extracts have been tested as insecticides. The goal of this study was to know the phytochemical composition of Hymenaea courbaril L.’s resin and perform evaluations in vivo of its toxic and genotoxic effects in the biological model Drosophila melanogaster. For this, two resin extracts were prepared and both a phytochemical analysis were carried out on them, having found in the ethanolic total extract the presence of terpenes, flavonoids and coumarins, while in the partial ethanolic extract only presence of terpenes and flavonoids was found. Drosophila larvae were submitted to different concentrations of the extracts and both the survival and the sexual ratio were evaluated, finding that larvae are more sensitive to the partial ethanolic extract. Subsequently, the induction of somatic mutation and mitotic recombination (SMART) was evaluated in the flies’ eyes. The most significant affectations at a genotoxic level were found when larvae were tested with the partial extract, indicating that possibly the coumarins absence makes this insect more susceptible to damages at a genetic material level.

由于使用合成杀虫剂带来的负面影响，全球对通过天然产品寻找这些化合物的替代品产生了兴趣。当屈服于外部攻击时，植物通常会产生代谢物来保护自己。这类化合物的理化特性使其可用作潜在的生物杀虫剂。该孪叶豆属（阿尔加罗沃）已被证明是它的一些提取物已经过测试，如杀虫剂丰富，具有出色的生物活性代谢产物的植物，以这样的方式。本研究的目的是了解Hymenaea courbaril L. 树脂的植物化学成分并进行体内评估其在生物模型黑腹果蝇中的毒性和遗传毒性作用。为此，制备了两种树脂提取物，并对它们进行了植物化学分析，发现在乙醇总提取物中存在萜烯、类黄酮和香豆素，而在部分乙醇提取物中仅存在萜烯和类黄酮。果蝇将幼虫置于不同浓度的提取物中，并评估存活率和性比，发现幼虫对部分乙醇提取物更敏感。随后，在果蝇的眼睛中评估了体细胞突变和有丝分裂重组 (SMART) 的诱导。当用部分提取物对幼虫进行测试时，发现了基因毒性水平上最显着的影响，这表明香豆素的缺失可能使这种昆虫更容易在遗传物质水平上受到损害。