As one of the major concerns of climate change, identifying a proper eco-friendly insulation gas for replacing sulphur hexafluoride (SF₆) becomes a prominent research topic in recent years. c-C₄F₈, CF₃I, C₅F₁₀O, C₆F₁₂O and C₄F₇N are some potential alternatives that are proved to have excellent characteristics, including high insulation strengths and low Global Warming Potentials (GWPs). Beyond these key factors, the decomposition products of these alternatives are closely related to the gases' insulation performance, as well as the safety of operators and the compatibility with other materials. In addition, the type and content of decomposition products can be used for fault diagnosis. Therefore, a number of studies were carried out to reveal the decomposition mechanism of these alternative gases, and then to explore the gases' application feasibility and strategy. The recent advances obtained in these studies, including theoretical calculation methods, detection of gas decomposition products, decomposition mechanism are reviewed, and some perspectives for future works are proposed. It is concluded that the phenomenon of solid matter precipitation in c-C₄F₈ and CF₃I gas decomposition cannot be ignored and that more research is needed to reveal the influence of buffer gases, micro-aerobic, micro-water and other impurities on the gas decomposition process.

中文翻译：

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环保绝缘气体分解特性综述

作为气候变化的主要关注点之一，寻找一种合适的环保绝缘气体来替代六氟化硫（SF ₆）成为近年来的一个突出研究课题。cC ₄ F ₈、CF ₃ I、C ₅ F ₁₀ O、C ₆ F ₁₂ O 和 C ₄ F ₇N 是一些被证明具有优异特性的潜在替代品，包括高绝缘强度和低全球变暖潜能值 (GWP)。除了这些关键因素之外，这些替代品的分解产物与气体的绝缘性能、操作人员的安全以及与其他材料的兼容性密切相关。此外，分解产物的种类和含量可用于故障诊断。因此，开展了多项研究，以揭示这些替代气体的分解机理，进而探索这些气体的应用可行性和策略。综述了这些研究的最新进展，包括理论计算方法、气体分解产物的检测、分解机理，并对未来工作提出了一些展望。得出结论，在 cC 中固体物质沉淀的现象₄ F ₈和CF ₃ I 气体分解不容忽视，需要更多的研究来揭示缓冲气体、微好氧、微水等杂质对气体分解过程的影响。