We describe gender-based differences in a community-wide TB screening programme in Karachi, Pakistan, in which 311 732 individuals were screened in mobile camps using symptom questionnaires and van-mounted digital chest X-ray, between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2019. Only 22.4% (69 869) of camp attendees were women. Female attendees were less likely to have sputum collected and tested (31.5% (95% CI 30.4% to 32.7%) vs 38.5% (95% CI 37.6% to 39.1%)) or to initiate TB treatment (75.9% (95% CI 68.1% to 82.6%) vs 82.8% (95% CI 78.9% to 86.2%)), when indicated. Among the participants, the age-standardised prevalence of active TB was higher among women (prevalence ratio 1.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.7). These findings underscore the importance of integrating gender into the design and monitoring of TB screening programmes to ensure that women and men benefit equally from this important intervention.

中文翻译：

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巴基斯坦卡拉奇全社区肺结核筛查中基于性别的差异：对 311 732 名接受筛查的个体的观察性研究

我们在 2018 年 1 月 1 日至 2019 年 12 月 31 日期间，在巴基斯坦卡拉奇的一项社区范围内的 TB 筛查项目中描述了基于性别的差异，其中 311 732 人在流动营地使用症状问卷和车载数字胸部 X 光片进行了筛查. 只有 22.4% (69 869) 的夏令营参与者是女性。女性参与者不太可能收集和检测痰液（31.5%（95% CI 30.4% 至 32.7%）对 38.5%（95% CI 37.6% 至 39.1%））或开始结核病治疗（75.9%（95% CI 68.1% 至 82.6%）与 82.8%（95% CI 78.9% 至 86.2%）），当有指征时。在参与者中，女性活动性结核病的年龄标准化患病率较高（患病率 1.4，95% CI 1.1 至 1.7）。