Stream fishing plays a key role in provisioning services for obtaining fish, and also provides cultural services in terms of enjoyable walking along streams while listening to the sounds of flowing water. However, in Japan, the economic value of stream fishing has been emphasised mainly from the viewpoint of the fishing industry. Few attempts have been made to estimate the socioeconomic importance of stream fishing as an ecosystem service. In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted to elucidate the current status of stream-fishing activities and people’s awareness of forest conditions. The contributions of stream fishing to the local economy were evaluated in terms of fry release and angler numbers. Respondents to the questionnaire reported changes in the forest and reduced numbers of fish. However, there were considerable differences in recognising the importance of both the forest and fishing, based on the respondents’ residential area and whether they interacted with the forest. Distance from the mountains, potential for industrial activity, depopulation, and interest in mountains and nature closely influenced the respondents’ behaviour. In an area where many people regard fishing as a source of food, specific fish were collected, the respondents fished all year round and ate the fish they caught. In this area, and considerable amounts of fish were harvested. Because people want to catch and eat many stream fish, the quantities of fry released has also increased, which might attract anglers from other regions, increasing the numbers of anglers. This would contribute to greater quantities of fish being harvested from this area in the future. In providing incentives for anglers, some people may be destroying their local natural environment. The goal of appreciating the scenic beauty of the landscape while having a low environmental impact is needed to ensure the preservation of local natural areas.

溪流垂钓在提供鱼类获取服务方面发挥着重要作用，也提供了在溪流中漫步、聆听流水声等文化服务。但是，在日本，主要是从渔业的角度强调溪流捕捞的经济价值。很少有人尝试估计河流捕鱼作为生态系统服务的社会经济重要性。本研究通过问卷调查，了解河流捕鱼活动的现状和人们对森林状况的认识。溪流捕鱼对当地经济的贡献是根据鱼苗释放和垂钓者数量来评估的。问卷的受访者报告了森林的变化和鱼类数量的减少。然而，根据受访者的居住区以及他们是否与森林互动，对森林和渔业重要性的认识存在相当大的差异。与山脉的距离、工业活动的潜力、人口减少以及对山脉和自然的兴趣密切影响了受访者的行为。在许多人以捕鱼为食物来源的地区，收集了特定的鱼，受访者一年四季都在捕鱼，并吃掉了他们捕获的鱼。在该地区，收获了大量鱼类。由于人们想捕捉和吃很多河鱼，因此释放的鱼苗数量也有所增加，这可能会吸引其他地区的垂钓者，从而增加垂钓者的数量。这将有助于未来从该地区捕捞更多的鱼。在为垂钓者提供奖励时，有些人可能正在破坏他们当地的自然环境。需要在欣赏风景秀丽的同时对环境影响低的目标，以确保对当地自然区域的保护。