Fabrication of titanium components is very cost intensive, partly due to the complex machining and limited recyclability of waste material. For electrochemical applications, the excellent corrosion resistance of pure titanium is of high importance, whereas medium mechanical strength of fabricated parts is sufficient for such a use case. For smaller parts, metal fused filament fabrication (MF³) enables the fabrication of complex metallic structures densified during a final sintering step. Pure titanium can be processed to near-net-shape geometries for electrochemical applications if the parameters and the atmosphere during sintering are carefully monitored. Herein, the influence of thermal debinding and sintering parameters on the fabrication of high-density pure titanium using MF³ is investigated. Particular focus is placed on enhancing sintered density while limiting impurity uptake to conserve the high chemical purity of the initial powder material. Relative densities of 95% are repeatedly reached inside the bulk of the samples. An oxygen content of 0.56 wt% as a result of vacuum processing induces the formation of the retained α-Ti phase (925 HV_0.2) inside the α matrix (295 HV_0.2). Fabricated parts exhibit high mechanical strength, albeit reduced elongation due to remaining pores, and, in terms of electrochemistry, enhanced stability toward anodic dissolution.

中文翻译：

---

基于熔融长丝制造的商业纯钛的增材制造

钛部件的制造成本非常高，部分原因是加工复杂且废料的可回收性有限。对于电化学应用，纯钛优异的耐腐蚀性是非常重要的，而制造部件的中等机械强度足以满足这种使用情况。对于较小的零件，金属熔丝制造 (MF ³ ) 能够制造在最终烧结步骤中致密的复杂金属结构。如果仔细监测烧结过程中的参数和气氛，纯钛可以加工成近净形状的几何形状以用于电化学应用。在此，热脱脂和烧结参数对使用 MF ³制备高密度纯钛的影响被调查。特别关注提高烧结密度，同时限制杂质吸收以保持初始粉末材料的高化学纯度。在大部分样品中反复达到 95% 的相对密度。的0.56重量％的作为真空处理诱导的结果的氧含量的形成保留α-Ti相（925 HV _0.2）的α矩阵（295 HV内部_0.2）。制造的零件表现出高机械强度，尽管由于残留的孔隙而降低了伸长率，并且在电化学方面提高了对阳极溶解的稳定性。