Objective. The objective of this study was to determine the candidal load of the patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and evaluate the oral health status of subjects with COPD. Material and Methods. COPD subjects and control subjects were included in the study. The selection of COPD cases was confirmed based on the set criteria from the American College of Physicians. The oral health status was assessed as per WHO criteria to determine the score of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), significant caries index (SiC), community periodontal index and treatment needs (CPITN), and oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S). Gram staining was performed to identify Candida using the whole saliva. Quantitative evaluation of the candidal load was carried out using Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Chrome agar was used to differentiate between the commensal carriages. A statistical analysis paired -test and 95% confidence interval (CI) for proportions was carried out using STATA software. Results. Candidal growth was found in 21.42% () of COPD cases and 1.1% () of control cases () (95% CI 0.45, 0.59). The DMFT score was 8.26 in COPD subjects and 4.6 in controls, the SiC score was 16.42 in COPD subjects and 10.25 in controls, and the CPITN score for both COPD and control cases was score 2. Conclusion. In conclusion, there was a higher candidal load among subjects suffering from COPD. Theophylline medication can be a risk factor for increased candidal load in COPD patients.

中文翻译：

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慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD) 患者的口腔念珠菌负荷和口腔健康状况：病例队列研究

客观。本研究的目的是确定慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 患者的念珠菌负荷，并评估 COPD 患者的口腔健康状况。材料和方法。慢性阻塞性肺病受试者和对照受试者被纳入研究。COPD病例的选择是根据美国内科医师学会设定的标准确认的。根据世界卫生组织标准评估口腔健康状况，确定蛀牙、缺失和填充牙齿（DMFT）、显着龋齿指数（SiC）、社区牙周指数和治疗需求（CPITN）和口腔卫生指数-简化的评分。 OHI-S)。使用全唾液进行革兰氏染色以鉴定念珠菌。使用沙氏葡萄糖琼脂 (SDA) 进行念珠菌负荷的定量评估。铬琼脂用于区分共生车厢。使用 STATA 软件对比例进行统计分析配对检验和 95% 置信区间 (CI )。结果. 21.42% 发现念珠菌生长（)的 COPD 病例和 1.1% ()的控制案例 () (95% CI 0.45, 0.59)。COPD受试者的DMFT评分为8.26，对照组为4.6，COPD受试者的SiC评分为16.42，对照组为10.25，COPD和对照病例的CPITN评分均为2分。结论。总之，患有慢性阻塞性肺病的受试者的念珠菌负荷较高。茶碱药物可能是 COPD 患者念珠菌负荷增加的危险因素。