Prior studies have investigated the antecedents of Health Information Seeking (HIS) using different theoretical frameworks, whereas the inconsistencies in the reported findings warrant a more comprehensive synthesis of this body of knowledge. This meta-analysis identified 12 major antecedents of HIS from six widely used information seeking models examining HIS, developed an organizing framework that segmented current antecedents into cognitive, affective, sociocultural, and information carrier categories, and compared their associations with HIS by meta-analyzing 89 empirical studies (N = 62,957). Results showed that seeking-related subjective norms and information utility yielded the strongest associations with HIS, whereas cognitive and affective factors demonstrated weaker associations with HIS. Illness types, information-seeking channels, and sampling methods significantly moderated the associations between some predictors and HIS. Implications and directions for future research were discussed.

先前的研究已经使用不同的理论框架调查了健康信息搜索 (HIS) 的前因，而报告结果中的不一致需要对这一知识体系进行更全面的综合。这项元分析从六个广泛使用的检查 HIS 的信息搜索模型中确定了 HIS 的 12 个主要前因，开发了一个组织框架，将当前前因分为认知、情感、社会文化和信息载体类别，并通过元分析比较了它们与 HIS 的关联89 项实证研究（N = 62,957）。结果表明，寻求相关的主观规范和信息效用与 HIS 产生了最强的关联，而认知和情感因素与 HIS 的关联较弱。疾病类型、信息寻求渠道和抽样方法显着调节了一些预测因素与 HIS 之间的关联。讨论了未来研究的意义和方向。