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The Forest Ranger (and the Legislator): How Local Congressional Politics Shape Policy Implementation in Agency Field Offices
Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-04 , DOI: 10.1093/jopart/muab037
Cory L Struthers 1 , Tyler A Scott 2 , Forrest Fleischman 3 , Gwen Arnold 2
Affiliation  

Research on political control over government bureaucracy has primarily focused on direct exercises of power such as appointments, funding, agency design, and procedural rules. In this analysis, we extend this literature to consider politicians who leverage their institutional standing to influence the decisions of local field officials over whom they have no explicit authority. Using the case of the US Forest Service (USFS), we investigate whether field-level decisions are associated with the political preferences of individual congressional representatives. Our sample encompasses 7,681 resource extraction actions initiated and analyzed by 107 USFS field offices between 2005 and 2018. Using hierarchical Bayesian regression, we show that under periods of economic growth and stability, field offices situated in the districts of congressional representatives who oppose environmental regulation initiate more extractive actions (timber harvest, oil and gas drilling, grazing) and conduct less rigorous environmental reviews than field offices in the districts of representatives who favor environmental regulation. By extending existing theories about interactions between politicians and bureaucrats to consider informal means of influence, this work speaks to (1) the role of local political interests in shaping agency-wide policy outcomes and (2) the importance of considering informal and implicit means of influence that operate in concert with explicit control mechanisms to shape bureaucratic behavior.

中文翻译:

护林员(和立法者):地方国会政治如何塑造机构外地办事处的政策实施

对政府官僚机构的政治控制的研究主要集中在直接行使权力,如任命、资金、机构设计和程序规则。在这个分析中,我们将这些文献扩展到考虑利用他们的机构地位来影响他们没有明确权力的地方实地官员的决定的政治家。使用美国林务局 (USFS) 的案例,我们调查实地决策是否与个别国会代表的政治偏好相关。我们的样本包含 2005 年至 2018 年间由 107 个 USFS 外地办事处发起和分析的 7,681 项资源提取行动。使用分层贝叶斯回归,我们表明,在经济增长和稳定时期,设在反对环境监管的国会代表选区的外地办事处采取更多的采掘行动(木材采伐、石油和天然气钻探、放牧),并且与支持环境监管的代表地区的外地办事处相比,开展的环境审查不那么严格。通过扩展关于政治家和官僚之间相互作用的现有理论,以考虑非正式的影响方式,这项工作说明了(1)地方政治利益在塑造机构范围内的政策结果中的作用,以及(2)考虑非正式和隐含的影响方式的重要性。这些影响力与明确的控制机制共同作用,从而塑造官僚行为。放牧)并进行的环境审查不如支持环境监管的代表所在地区的外地办事处严格。通过扩展关于政治家和官僚之间相互作用的现有理论,以考虑非正式的影响方式,这项工作说明了(1)地方政治利益在塑造机构范围内的政策结果中的作用,以及(2)考虑非正式和隐含的影响方式的重要性。这些影响力与明确的控制机制共同作用,从而塑造官僚行为。放牧)并进行的环境审查不如支持环境监管的代表所在地区的外地办事处严格。通过扩展关于政治家和官僚之间相互作用的现有理论,以考虑非正式的影响方式,这项工作说明了(1)地方政治利益在塑造机构范围内的政策结果中的作用,以及(2)考虑非正式和隐含的影响方式的重要性。这些影响力与明确的控制机制共同作用,从而塑造官僚行为。
更新日期:2021-09-04
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