Abstract

Our objective is to study Canada’s patenting activity over time in aggregate terms by destination country, by assignee and destination country, and by diversification by country of destination. We collect bibliographic patent data from the Canadian Intellectual Property Office and the United States Patent and Trademark Office. We identify 19,957 matched Canada–US patents, 34,032 Canada-only patents, and 43,656 US-only patents from 1980 to 2014. Telecommunications dominates in terms of International Patent Classification technologies for US-only and Canada–US patents. At the firm level, the greatest number of matched Canada–US patents were granted in the field of telecommunications, at the university level in pharmaceuticals, at the government level in control and instrumentation technology, and at the individual level in civil engineering. We use entropy to quantify technological diversification and find that diversification indices decline over time for Canada and the USA; however, all US indices decline at a faster rate.

中文翻译：

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加拿大不断变化的创新格局

摘要

我们的目标是按目的地国家、受让人和目的地国家以及目的地国家的多样化来研究加拿大在一段时间内的专利活动。我们从加拿大知识产权局和美国专利商标局收集书目专利数据。从 1980 年到 2014 年，我们确定了 19,957 项匹配的加拿大-美国专利、34,032 项仅限加拿大的专利和 43,656 项仅限美国的专利。电信在仅限美国和加拿大-美国专利的国际专利分类技术方面占主导地位。在公司层面，在电信领域、大学层面的制药、政府层面的控制和仪器仪表技术以及个人层面的土木工程领域，获得最多匹配的加拿大-美国专利。我们使用熵来量化技术多元化，发现加拿大和美国的多元化指数随着时间的推移而下降；然而，所有美国指数都以更快的速度下跌。