Membrane fouling as well as the “trade-off effect” between water permeability and selectivity are the grand challenges for nanofiltration (NF) membranes. In this study, a macrocyclic molecule, Noria, was embedded in the polyamide layer to fabricate a thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane with high performances of separation and antifouling. Noria was first synthesized and dissolved in a piperazine (PIP) aqueous solution. Then the TFN membrane (i.e., PIP-Noria-TMC membrane, TMC is the abbreviation of 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride) was prepared by interfacial polymerization using PIP-Noria mixture as aqueous phase. The optimal PIP-Noria-TMC membrane reached 147.6 L m^-2h^-1MPa^-1 of water permeability, which was almost twice that of the pristine NF membrane (i.e., PIP-TMC membrane). Meanwhile, the PIP-Noria-TMC membrane exhibited comparable Na₂SO₄ rejection (∼98%) to the PIP-TMC membrane and outstanding mono/divalent salt selectivity. Besides, static adsorption tests using E.coli and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the model foulants revealed that the surface of PIP-Noria-TMC membranes with high hydrophilicity and electronegative charge could effectively resist foulant attachment, which was also exhibited in the dynamic BSA filtration tests. Therefore, this work provided a practicable pathway to simultaneously overcome the permeability-selectivity trade-off and membrane fouling problems for the NF process.

膜污染以及水渗透性和选择性之间的“权衡效应”是纳滤 (NF) 膜面临的重大挑战。在这项研究中，将大环分子 Noria 嵌入聚酰胺层以制造具有高性能分离和防污性能的薄膜纳米复合材料 (TFN) 膜。Noria 首先被合成并溶解在哌嗪 (PIP) 水溶液中。然后使用PIP-Noria混合物作为水相通过界面聚合制备TFN膜（即PIP-Noria-TMC膜，TMC是1,3,5-苯三羰基三氯化物的缩写）。最佳PIP-Noria-TMC膜达到147.6 L m ^-2 h ^-1 MPa ^-1透水性，几乎是原始 NF 膜（即 PIP-TMC 膜）的两倍。同时，PIP-Noria-TMC 膜表现出与 PIP-TMC 膜相当的 Na ₂ SO ₄截留率（~98%）和出色的单/二价盐选择性。此外，以大肠杆菌和牛血清白蛋白（BSA）为模型污垢的静态吸附试验表明，具有高亲水性和带负电荷的 PIP-Noria-TMC 膜表面可以有效地抵抗污垢附着，这在动态吸附实验中也表现出来。 BSA 过滤测试。因此，这项工作为同时克服 NF 工艺的渗透率-选择性权衡和膜污染问题提供了一种可行的途径。