Delivering persulfate (PS) efficiently into clay is an unsolved challenge. This study proposes a novel strategy with enhanced electrokinetically -delivery PS into clay by using PS for continuously flushing cathode to inhibit water electrolysis at cathode electrode. On this basis, a novel approach of heating soil by alternating current (AC) was used to thermally activate PS in situ. Results show that the mass transfer efficiency of PS by electroosmotic flow is about 20 times that by electromigration. Moreover, when PS was added in the anode chamber, using PS solution continuously flushing cathode created a relatively balanced the influent and effluent flow rates, significantly improving the mass transfer efficiency of PS. Compared to using NaNO₃ solution flushing, a significant increase of 51.7% was achieved, reaching 78.8%, for the phenanthrene (PHE) average degradation rate in soil cell. In contrast, the best overall PHE removal rate was observed, reaching 87.8%, by a cycle strategy of enhanced electrokinetically -delivered PS followed by AC heating applied. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis showed oxidative radicals (${\mathit{SO}}_4^{\bullet -}$/•OH) were the major species responsible for enhanced PHE degradation. These results demonstrate that this cycle strategy is a viable method for remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in clay.

将过硫酸盐 (PS) 有效地输送到粘土中是一个未解决的挑战。本研究提出了一种新的策略，通过使用 PS 连续冲洗阴极来抑制阴极电极处的水电解，从而增强将 PS 电动传递到粘土中。在此基础上，采用交流电（AC）加热土壤的新方法对 PS 进行原位热活化。结果表明，电渗流对PS的传质效率是电迁移的20倍左右。此外，在阳极室中加入 PS 后，使用 PS 溶液连续冲洗阴极，使进出水流速相对平衡，显着提高了 PS 的传质效率。与使用 NaNO _3相比溶液冲洗，土壤细胞中菲（PHE）的平均降解率显着提高了51.7％，达到78.8％。相比之下，观察到最佳的整体 PHE 去除率达到 87.8%，这是通过增强电动传递 PS 的循环策略，然后应用交流加热。电子顺磁共振光谱分析显示氧化自由基（${\mathit{所以}}_4^{\bullet -}$/•OH) 是促进 PHE 降解的主要物质。这些结果表明，这种循环策略是修复粘土中多环芳烃的可行方法。