ABSTRACT

Purpose: Semantic elaboration is a process in which target information is analyzed in relation to content associated in meaning. The goal of the present study was to examine the use of phrasal cues intended to engage elaborative processes theorized to bolster cognitive performance.

Methods: Twenty-two individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and twenty-six neurotypical (NT) individuals were studied. Short phrases intended to elicit elaborative encoding were presented prior to the introduction of a prospective memory task and word-stem completions. Phrases embodied one of three conditions: repeated, semantic, or unrelated information. The stem-completion task was presented between each prospective memory task with fixations serving as cues signaling task completion or functioning as distractors. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were captured during the presentation of word-stems. Following the completion of all word-stems, participants were presented with an old/new recognition task.

Results: Linear mixed-effects model analyses revealed a significant effect of condition with respect to word retrieval and recognition memory. Captured ERPs revealed neural signatures resembling a P200.

Conclusion: Semantic content increased stimulus saliency, facilitated lexical retrieval, and enhanced retention with the latter process revealing use of semantic cues as a more adept rehearsal strategy than repetition.

摘要

目的：语义细化是一个过程，在这个过程中，目标信息与意义相关的内容相关联。本研究的目的是检查短语提示的使用，旨在参与理论上的精细过程，以提高认知能力。

方法：研究了 22名有外伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 病史的人和 26 名神经典型 (NT) 的人。在引入前瞻记忆任务和词干补全之前，提出了旨在引发详细编码的短语。短语体现了三个条件之一：重复、语义或不相关的信息。词干完成任务在每个前瞻记忆任务之间呈现，注视作为提示任务完成或充当干扰物的线索。在词干呈现期间捕获事件相关电位（ERP）。完成所有词干后，向参与者呈现新/旧识别任务。

结果：线性混合效应模型分析揭示了条件对单词检索和识别记忆的显着影响。捕获的 ERP 揭示了类似于 P200 的神经特征。

结论：语义内容增加了刺激的显着性，促进了词汇检索，并增强了记忆，后一个过程揭示了使用语义线索作为比重复更熟练的排练策略。