Considering the inconsistencies in the cardiovascular effects of dietary acid load and the impact of dietary acidity on the acid–base homeostasis within the body, we aimed to assess the association of dietary acid load and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a prospective community-based study. Participants (n = 2369) free of CVD at baseline (2006–2008) were included from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) and followed up for a mean of 6.7 ± 1.4 years. Dietary intakes of the participants were assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The dietary acid load was evaluated by Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL) and Net Endogenous Acid Production (NEAP) scores. Both scores have used the macronutrient and micronutrient data of the Food Frequency Questionnaires. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the 6-years incident risk of CVDs across tertiles of PRAL and NEAP scores. Mean age and body mass index of participants were 38.5 ± 13.3 years and 26.6 ± 4.8 kg/m2 at baseline. Within 6.7 ± 1.4 years of follow-up, 79 cases of cardiovascular events were reported. NEAP was significantly associated with the incidence of CVDs (HRs = 0.50, CI 0.32–0.96; P for trend = 0.032); however, after adjusting for potential confounders, no significant associations were observed between PRAL and NEAP scores and the risk of CVDs. This study failed to obtain independent associations between dietary acid load and the incidence of CVDs among an Asian population.

中文翻译：

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膳食酸负荷和心血管疾病风险：一项基于人群的前瞻性研究

考虑到膳食酸负荷对心血管影响的不一致以及膳食酸度对体内酸碱平衡的影响，我们旨在评估膳食酸负荷与前瞻性社区心血管疾病（CVD）风险的关系为基础的研究。德黑兰血脂和葡萄糖研究 (TLGS) 纳入基线 (2006-2008) 时无 CVD 的参与者 (n = 2369)，平均随访时间为 6.7 ± 1.4 年。使用半定量食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估参与者的饮食摄入量。通过潜在肾酸负荷 (PRAL) 和净内源性产酸 (NEAP) 评分评估膳食酸负荷。这两个分数都使用了食物频率问卷的常量营养素和微量营养素数据。多变量 Cox 比例风险回归模型用于估计 PRAL 和 NEAP 评分三分位数的 6 年 CVD 事件风险。参与者的平均年龄和体重指数在基线时为 38.5 ± 13.3 岁和 26.6 ± 4.8 kg/m2。在 6.7 ± 1.4 年的随访中，报告了 79 例心血管事件。NEAP 与 CVD 的发病率显着相关（HRs = 0.50，CI 0.32–0.96；趋势 P = 0.032）；然而，在调整了潜在的混杂因素后，未观察到 PRAL 和 NEAP 评分与 CVD 风险之间存在显着关联。该研究未能获得亚洲人群膳食酸负荷与心血管疾病发病率之间的独立关联。参与者的平均年龄和体重指数在基线时为 38.5 ± 13.3 岁和 26.6 ± 4.8 kg/m2。在 6.7 ± 1.4 年的随访中，报告了 79 例心血管事件。NEAP 与 CVD 的发病率显着相关（HRs = 0.50，CI 0.32–0.96；趋势 P = 0.032）；然而，在调整了潜在的混杂因素后，未观察到 PRAL 和 NEAP 评分与 CVD 风险之间存在显着关联。该研究未能获得亚洲人群膳食酸负荷与心血管疾病发病率之间的独立关联。参与者的平均年龄和体重指数在基线时为 38.5 ± 13.3 岁和 26.6 ± 4.8 kg/m2。在 6.7 ± 1.4 年的随访中，报告了 79 例心血管事件。NEAP 与 CVD 的发病率显着相关（HRs = 0.50，CI 0.32–0.96；趋势 P = 0.032）；然而，在调整了潜在的混杂因素后，未观察到 PRAL 和 NEAP 评分与 CVD 风险之间存在显着关联。该研究未能获得亚洲人群膳食酸负荷与心血管疾病发病率之间的独立关联。在调整了潜在的混杂因素后，未观察到 PRAL 和 NEAP 评分与心血管疾病风险之间存在显着关联。该研究未能获得亚洲人群膳食酸负荷与心血管疾病发病率之间的独立关联。在调整了潜在的混杂因素后，未观察到 PRAL 和 NEAP 评分与心血管疾病风险之间存在显着关联。该研究未能获得亚洲人群膳食酸负荷与心血管疾病发病率之间的独立关联。