Histamine does not only modulate the immune response and inflammation, but also acts as a neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain. The histaminergic system plays a significant role in the maintenance of wakefulness, appetite regulation, cognition and arousal, which are severely affected in neuropsychiatric disorders. In this review, we first briefly describe the distribution of histaminergic neurons, histamine receptors and their intracellular pathways. Next, we comprehensively summarize recent experimental and clinical findings on the precise role of histaminergic system in neuropsychiatric disorders, including cell-type role and its circuit bases in narcolepsy, schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, Tourette’s syndrome and Parkinson’s disease. Finally, we provide some perspectives on future research to illustrate the curative role of the histaminergic system in neuropsychiatric disorders.

中文翻译：

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神经精神疾病中的组胺能系统

组胺不仅可以调节免疫反应和炎症，还可以作为哺乳动物大脑中的神经递质。组胺能系统在维持清醒、食欲调节、认知和觉醒方面发挥着重要作用，这些在神经精神疾病中受到严重影响。在这篇综述中，我们首先简要描述了组胺能神经元、组胺受体的分布及其细胞内通路。接下来，我们全面总结了最近关于组胺能系统在神经精神疾病中的确切作用的实验和临床发现，包括细胞类型作用及其在发作性睡病、精神分裂症、阿尔茨海默病、图雷特综合征和帕金森病中的回路基础。最后，