The quantum confinement effect and interesting optical properties of cesium lead halide (CsPbX₃; X=Cl, Br, I) perovskite quantum dots (QDs) and nanocrystals (NCs) have given a new horizon to lighting and photonic applications. Given the exponential rate at which scientific results on CsPbX₃ NCs are published in the last few years, it can be expected that the research in CsPbX₃ NCs will further receive increasing scientific interests in the near future and possibly lead to great commercial opportunities to realize these materials based practical applications. With the rapid progress in the single-photon emitting CsPbX₃ QDs and NCs, practical applications of the quantum technologies such as single-photon emitting light-emitting diode, quantum lasers, quantum computing might soon be possible. But to reach at cutting edge of stable perovskite QDs/NCs, the study of fundamental insight and theoretical aspects of crystal design is yet insufficient. Even more, it has aroused many unanswered questions related to the stability, optical and electronic properties of the CsPbX₃ QDs. Aim of the present review is to illustrate didactically a precise study of recent progress in the synthesis, properties and applications of CsPbX₃ QDs and NCs. Critical issues that currently restrict the applicability of these QDs will be identified and advanced methodologies currently in the developing queue, to overcome the roadblock, will be presented. And finally, the prospects for future directions will be provided.

铯铅卤化物 (CsPbX ₃ ; X=Cl, Br, I) 钙钛矿量子点 (QD) 和纳米晶体 (NC)的量子限制效应和有趣的光学特性为照明和光子应用开辟了新的视野。鉴于过去几年CsPbX ₃ NCs 的科学成果呈指数级发表，可以预期 CsPbX ₃ NCs的研究在不久的将来将进一步受到越来越多的科学兴趣，并可能带来巨大的商业机会来实现这些材料基于实际应用。随着单光子发射 CsPbX ₃的快速进展QDs 和 NCs，量子技术的实际应用，如单光子发射发光二极管、量子激光器、量子计算可能很快就会成为可能。但要达到稳定钙钛矿 QD/NC 的前沿，对晶体设计的基本见解和理论方面的研究还不够。更重要的是，它引起了许多与 CsPbX ₃ QD的稳定性、光学和电子特性相关的悬而未决的问题。本综述的目的是从教学上说明对 CsPbX ₃的合成、性质和应用的最新进展的精确研究QD 和 NC。目前限制这些量子点适用性的关键问题将被确定，目前在开发队列中的先进方法将被提出，以克服障碍。最后，将提供未来方向的前景。