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Optimizing Solar-Plus-Storage Deployment on Public Buildings for Climate, Health, Resilience, and Energy Bill Benefits
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-09 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02955 Amanda Farthing 1 , Michael Craig 1 , Tony Reames 1
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-09 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02955 Amanda Farthing 1 , Michael Craig 1 , Tony Reames 1
Affiliation
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Climate change, public health, and resilience to power outages are of critical concern to local governments and are increasingly motivating investments in on-site solar and storage. However, designing a solar-plus-storage system to co-optimize for climate, health, resilience, and energy bill benefits requires complex trade-offs that are not captured in current analyses. To fill this gap, we integrate the climate and health impacts of grid-purchased electricity into the REopt Lite optimization model using forward-looking marginal emissions costs. Using this new model, we quantify the impact of including energy bill, climate, health, and/or power outage cost savings on the optimal sizing, battery dispatch, and economic returns of solar-plus-storage on three public building types (a hospital, school, and warehouse) across 14 U.S. cities. We find that monetizing and co-optimizing for climate and health benefits, as compared to only energy bill savings and resilience, increases the net present value of the solar-plus-storage systems by $200k to $5.2M and makes larger systems financially attractive. Our results illustrate significant differences across geographies and building types, highlighting the need for site-specific analyses and associated policies regarding the costs and benefits of solar-plus-storage.
中文翻译：
优化公共建筑的太阳能加储能部署，以实现气候、健康、弹性和能源账单效益
气候变化、公共卫生和对停电的恢复能力是地方政府的关键问题，并且越来越多地推动对现场太阳能和存储的投资。然而，设计一个太阳能加储能系统来共同优化气候、健康、弹性和能源账单的好处，需要复杂的权衡，目前的分析没有考虑到这些权衡。为了填补这一空白，我们使用前瞻性边际排放成本将电网购买电力对气候和健康的影响整合到 REopt Lite 优化模型中。使用这个新模型，我们量化了包括能源账单、气候、健康和/或停电成本节约在内的三种公共建筑类型（医院、学校和仓库）遍布美国 14 个城市。我们发现，与仅节省能源费用和恢复能力相比，针对气候和健康益处的货币化和共同优化使太阳能加储能系统的净现值增加了 20 万美元至 520 万美元，并使更大的系统在财务上具有吸引力。我们的结果说明了地域和建筑类型之间的显着差异，突出了针对太阳能加储能的成本和收益进行特定地点分析和相关政策的必要性。
更新日期：2021-09-21
中文翻译：
优化公共建筑的太阳能加储能部署，以实现气候、健康、弹性和能源账单效益
气候变化、公共卫生和对停电的恢复能力是地方政府的关键问题，并且越来越多地推动对现场太阳能和存储的投资。然而，设计一个太阳能加储能系统来共同优化气候、健康、弹性和能源账单的好处，需要复杂的权衡，目前的分析没有考虑到这些权衡。为了填补这一空白，我们使用前瞻性边际排放成本将电网购买电力对气候和健康的影响整合到 REopt Lite 优化模型中。使用这个新模型，我们量化了包括能源账单、气候、健康和/或停电成本节约在内的三种公共建筑类型（医院、学校和仓库）遍布美国 14 个城市。我们发现，与仅节省能源费用和恢复能力相比，针对气候和健康益处的货币化和共同优化使太阳能加储能系统的净现值增加了 20 万美元至 520 万美元，并使更大的系统在财务上具有吸引力。我们的结果说明了地域和建筑类型之间的显着差异，突出了针对太阳能加储能的成本和收益进行特定地点分析和相关政策的必要性。
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