Background

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global problem with high prevalence rates, and is linked to maternal mental disorders (MMD). Children's exposure to IPV (CEIPV) can have impacts on their physical and mental health, including depression.

Objective

To analyze the associations between exposure to both CEIPV and MMD and depression in schoolchildren.

Participants and setting

630 mother-child pairs were evaluated in a poor urban district in Recife, Northeast Brazil.

Methods

A cohort study investigated the effects of IPV during pregnancy, postpartum and six to nine years after delivery. Women were asked about their experience of IPV, their own mental health, and the exposure of their child to violence. The child's mood was reported by the mother, using the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ). Ten types of CEIPV, and the age of onset of exposure, were compared with the child's subsequent risk of depression.

Results

IPV was associated with MMD in 31.9% of the women at some period of time. Depressive symptoms were reported in 15.7% of school-age children. All types of CEIPV were associated with depression at school age. Multivariable analyses of exposure to IPV and MMD at different ages showed that exposure to both IPV and MMD in the first year of life had the strongest association with childhood depression (OR = 9.1; 95% CI: 2.4–33.9).

Conclusions

The frequency of CEIPV and MMD, and the high prevalence of depression at school age, shows the importance of assessing MMD and identifying exposure to IPV in pregnancy and the early years.

中文翻译：

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儿童抑郁症：儿童接触亲密伴侣暴力和母亲精神障碍的作用

背景

亲密伴侣暴力 (IPV) 是一个普遍存在的全球性问题，与孕产妇精神障碍 (MMD) 相关。儿童接触 IPV (CEIPV) 会影响他们的身心健康，包括抑郁症。

客观的

分析 CEIPV 和 MMD 暴露与学童抑郁症之间的关联。

参与者和设置

在巴西东北部累西腓的一个贫困市区，对 630 对母子进行了评估。

方法

一项队列研究调查了 IPV 在怀孕期间、产后和分娩后六至九年的影响。女性被问及她们的 IPV 经历、她们自己的心理健康以及她们的孩子遭受暴力的情况。孩子的情绪由母亲使用短期情绪和感觉问卷 (SMFQ) 报告。将十种类型的 CEIPV 以及暴露的发病年龄与儿童随后患抑郁症的风险进行了比较。

结果

在某个时期，IPV 与 31.9% 的女性 MMD 相关。15.7% 的学龄儿童出现抑郁症状。所有类型的 CEIPV 都与学龄期抑郁症有关。不同年龄暴露于 IPV 和 MMD 的多变量分析表明，在生命的第一年暴露于 IPV 和 MMD 与儿童抑郁症的相关性最强（OR = 9.1；95% CI：2.4-33.9）。

结论

CEIPV 和 MMD 的频率，以及学龄期抑郁症的高患病率，表明评估 MMD 和识别在怀孕和早期接触 IPV 的重要性。