The induction of type I interferons (IFN) is critical for antiviral innate immune response. The rapid activation of antiviral innate immune responses is the key to successful clearance of evading pathogens. To achieve this, a series of proteins, including the pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), the adaptor proteins, the accessory proteins, kinases, and the transcription factors, are all involved and finely orchestrated. The magnitude and latitude of type I IFN induction however are distinctly regulated in different tissues. A set of interferon simulated genes (ISGs) are then expressed in response to type I IFN signaling to set the cells in the antiviral state. In this review, how type I IFN is induced by viral infections by intracellular PRRs and how type I IFN triggers the expression of downstream effectors will be discussed.

中文翻译：

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细胞内先天免疫及胞质核酸受体介导的I型干扰素对病毒的作用机制

I 型干扰素 (IFN) 的诱导对于抗病毒先天免疫反应至关重要。抗病毒先天免疫反应的快速激活是成功清除逃避病原体的关键。为了实现这一目标，包括病原体识别受体 (PRR)、衔接蛋白、辅助蛋白、激酶和转录因子在内的一系列蛋白质都参与其中并精心编排。然而，I 型 IFN 诱导的幅度和范围在不同组织中受到明显调节。然后表达一组干扰素模拟基因 (ISG)，以响应 I 型 IFN 信号，使细胞处于抗病毒状态。在这篇综述中，将讨论 I 型 IFN 如何被细胞内 PRR 的病毒感染诱导，以及 I 型 IFN 如何触发下游效应子的表达。