Environmental factors, such as weather extremes, have the potential to cause adverse effects on plant biomass quality and quantity. Beyond adversely affecting feedstock yield and composition, which have been extensively studied, environmental factors can have detrimental effects on saccharification and fermentation processes in biofuel production. Only a few studies have evaluated the effect of these factors on biomass deconstruction into biofuel and resulting fuel yields. This field-to-fuel evaluation of various feedstocks requires rigorous coordination of pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation experiments. A large number of biomass samples, often in limited quantity, are needed to thoroughly understand the effect of environmental conditions on biofuel production. This requires greater processing and analytical throughput of industrially relevant, high solids loading hydrolysates for fermentation, and led to the need for a laboratory-scale high solids experimentation platform. A field-to-fuel platform was developed to provide sufficient volumes of high solids loading enzymatic hydrolysate for fermentation. AFEX pretreatment was conducted in custom pretreatment reactors, followed by high solids enzymatic hydrolysis. To accommodate enzymatic hydrolysis of multiple samples, roller bottles were used to overcome the bottlenecks of mixing and reduced sugar yields at high solids loading, while allowing greater sample throughput than possible in bioreactors. The roller bottle method provided 42–47% greater liquefaction compared to the batch shake flask method for the same solids loading. In fermentation experiments, hydrolysates from roller bottles were fermented more rapidly, with greater xylose consumption, but lower final ethanol yields and CO2 production than hydrolysates generated with shake flasks. The entire platform was tested and was able to replicate patterns of fermentation inhibition previously observed for experiments conducted in larger-scale reactors and bioreactors, showing divergent fermentation patterns for drought and normal year switchgrass hydrolysates. A pipeline of small-scale AFEX pretreatment and roller bottle enzymatic hydrolysis was able to provide adequate quantities of hydrolysate for respirometer fermentation experiments and was able to overcome hydrolysis bottlenecks at high solids loading by obtaining greater liquefaction compared to batch shake flask hydrolysis. Thus, the roller bottle method can be effectively utilized to compare divergent feedstocks and diverse process conditions.

中文翻译：

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用于确定原料和生物燃料生产之间相互作用的高固含量田到燃料研究管道

环境因素，例如极端天气，有可能对植物生物量的质量和数量造成不利影响。除了对已被广泛研究的原料产量和组成产生不利影响外，环境因素还会对生物燃料生产中的糖化和发酵过程产生不利影响。只有少数研究评估了这些因素对将生物质分解为生物燃料和由此产生的燃料产量的影响。这种对各种原料的田间燃料评估需要预处理、酶水解和发酵实验的严格协调。需要大量的生物质样本，通常数量有限，以彻底了解环境条件对生物燃料生产的影响。这需要对用于发酵的工业相关、高固体负载水解产物进行更大的处理和分析吞吐量，并导致需要实验室规模的高固体实验平台。开发了一种从田地到燃料的平台，以提供足够体积的高固体负载酶水解产物用于发酵。AFEX 预处理在定制的预处理反应器中进行，然后进行高固体酶水解。为了适应多个样品的酶促水解，使用滚瓶来克服混合瓶颈和在高固体负载下降低糖产量，同时允许比生物反应器更高的样品通量。对于相同的固体负载，滚瓶方法与分批摇瓶方法相比提供了 42-47% 的液化。在发酵实验中，与摇瓶产生的水解物相比，滚瓶的水解物发酵得更快，木糖消耗量更大，但最终乙醇产量和二氧化碳产量更低。整个平台经过测试，能够复制之前在大型反应器和生物反应器中进行的实验中观察到的发酵抑制模式，显示干旱和正常年份柳枝稷水解物的不同发酵模式。小规模 AFEX 预处理和滚瓶酶水解管道能够为呼吸计发酵实验提供足够数量的水解产物，并且与分批摇瓶水解相比，能够通过获得更大的液化来克服高固体负载下的水解瓶颈。因此，