Rapid urbanization is emerging as one of the leading threats to the biodiversity globally. But is especially a cause of concern for tropical countries which are urbanizing much faster and with relatively less urban planning than temperate ones. Urban green spaces are established to reduce the negative impacts of urbanization by conserving a large suite of species. Yet our knowledge on the significance of urban green spaces for supporting urban fauna and enhancing species richness is lacking for tropical countries such as India. We examined how landscape and local scale features of urban green spaces influence bird species richness, density, fine-foraging guild richness and composition during breeding and non-breeding season in Dehradun, India. We quantified landscape level variables in the 250 m buffer around 18 urban green spaces. We sampled vegetation and bird community during breeding and non-breeding season through 52 intensive sampling point spread across 18 urban green spaces. Size of the urban green space at landscape level and tree species richness at the local scale emerged as important predictors influencing bird species richness, density and richness of imperilled insectivorous guild across seasons. Urban green spaces within education institutions and offices experiencing less vegetation management supported higher bird species richness and density whereas city parks were species poor. Community composition was affected more strongly by built-up cover and barren area in the landscape matrix and also by tree species richness at the local scale within urban green spaces. City planners should focus on allocating green spaces within urban settings and expand the formal green spaces. Existing green spaces could be improved by augmenting compositional and structural heterogeneity of vegetation as well as conservation of large old native trees.

快速城市化正在成为全球生物多样性的主要威胁之一。但对于城市化速度更快且城市规划相对较少的热带国家而言，这一点尤其令人担忧。建立城市绿地是为了通过保护大量物种来减少城市化的负面影响。然而，对于印度等热带国家，我们缺乏关于城市绿地对支持城市动物群和增加物种丰富度的重要性的了解。我们研究了城市绿地的景观和局部尺度特征如何在印度德拉敦的繁殖和非繁殖季节影响鸟类物种丰富度、密度、精细觅食公会的丰富度和组成。我们量化了 18 个城市绿地周围 250 m 缓冲区中的景观水平变量。我们在繁殖和非繁殖季节通过分布在 18 个城市绿地的 52 个密集采样点对植被和鸟类群落进行采样。景观水平的城市绿地大小和局部尺度的树种丰富度成为影响鸟类物种丰富度、密度和跨季节濒危食虫群落丰富度的重要预测因子。教育机构和办公室内植被管理较少的城市绿地支持更高的鸟类物种丰富度和密度，而城市公园则物种贫乏。景观矩阵中的建筑覆盖和贫瘠面积以及城市绿地内局部范围内的树种丰富度对社区构成的影响更大。城市规划者应专注于在城市环境中分配绿地并扩大正式绿地。可以通过增加植被的组成和结构异质性以及保护大型古老本土树木来改善现有的绿色空间。