In this article, we present three studies involving WhatsHap, a mobile system designed to deliver speech as vibrations on the forearm with minimal hardware demands and practice time. After only 4.2 h of training on a 24-haptic phoneme vocabulary and on how to combine these to form words, participants were able to generalize their phoneme identification skills to the understanding of untrained English words, correctly identifying 65% of words in phrases rendered with a user-controlled interval between words, and up to 59% with a fixed interval. Ultimately, participants were able to complete 88% of simple communicative tasks that elicited spontaneous speech and semi-structured bidirectional conversation using the apparatus. We conclude by providing insights as to how such a system may ultimately be used for communication under more natural conditions.

中文翻译：

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用触觉说话：从音素到移动触觉通信系统的短语

在本文中，我们介绍了三项涉及 WhatsHap 的研究，WhatsHap 是一种移动系统，旨在以最少的硬件需求和练习时间在前臂上以振动形式传递语音。经过 4.2 小时的 24 触觉音素词汇培训以及如何将这些词汇组合成单词后，参与者能够将他们的音素识别技能推广到对未经训练的英语单词的理解，正确识别用用户控制的单词间隔，固定间隔高达 59%。最终，参与者能够使用该设备完成 88% 的简单交流任务，这些任务引发了自发的演讲和半结构化的双向对话。