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An Impact Assessment of Beach Wrack and Litter on Beach Ecosystem Services to Support Coastal Management at the Baltic Sea
Environmental Management ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-09 , DOI: 10.1007/s00267-021-01533-3
Esther Robbe 1, 2 , Jana Woelfel 3 , Arūnas Balčiūnas 2 , Gerald Schernewski 1, 2
Affiliation  

As accumulation zones, sandy beaches are temporal sinks for beach wrack and litter, both often seen as nuisances to tourists. Consequently, there is a need for beach management and an enhanced political interest to evaluate their ecosystem services. We applied a new online multidisciplinary assessment approach differentiating between the provision, potential, and flow at German and Lithuanian beaches (Southern Baltic Sea). We selected a set of services and assessed four beach scenarios developed accordingly to common management measures (different beach wrack and litter accumulations). We conducted comparative assessments involving 39 external experts using spread-sheets and workshops, an online survey as well as a combined data-based approach. Results indicated the relative importance of cultural (52.2%), regulating and maintenance (37.4%), and provisioning services (10.4%). Assessed impact scores showed that the removal of beach wrack is not favorable with regard to the overall ecosystem service provision. Contrarily, the removal of litter can increase the service flow significantly. When removing beach wrack, synergies between services should be used, i.e., use of biomass as material or further processing. However, trade-offs prevail between cultural services and the overall provision of beach ecosystem services (i.e., coastal protection and biodiversity). We recommend developing new and innovative beach cleaning techniques and procedures, i.e., different spatio-temporal patterns, e.g., mechanical vs. manually, daily vs. on-demand, whole beach width vs. patches. Our fast and easy-to-apply assessment approach can support decision-making processes within sustainable coastal management allowing us to show and compare the impacts of measures from a holistic ecosystem services perspective.



中文翻译:

海滩残骸和垃圾对支持波罗的海海岸管理的海滩生态系统服务的影响评估

作为堆积区,沙滩是海滩残骸和垃圾的临时汇,两者通常被视为对游客的滋扰。因此,需要进行海滩管理和增强政治兴趣来评估其生态系统服务。我们应用了一种新的在线多学科评估方法来区分德国和立陶宛海滩(波罗的海南部)的供应、潜力和流量。我们选择了一组服务并评估了根据常见管理措施(不同的海滩残骸和垃圾堆积)开发的四种海滩情景。我们使用电子表格和研讨会、在线调查以及基于数据的综合方法对 39 名外部专家进行了比较评估。结果表明文化(52.2%)、调节和维护(37.4%)的相对重要性,和供应服务(10.4%)。评估的影响分数表明,清除海滩残骸对整体生态系统服务提供不利。相反,清除垃圾可以显着增加服务流量。在清除海滩残骸时,应利用服务之间的协同作用,即使用生物质作为材料或进一步加工。然而,文化服务和海滩生态系统服务的整体提供(即海岸保护和生物多样性)之间存在权衡取舍。我们建议开发新的和创新的海滩清洁技术和程序,即不同的时空模式,例如,机械与手动、每日与按需、整个海滩宽度与补丁。

更新日期:2021-09-10
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