Many diseases, including cancer, can lead to neuropathic pain (NP). NP is one of the accompanying symptoms of suffering in many conditions and the life quality of NP patient is seriously affected. Due to complex causes, the effects of clinical treatments have been very unsatisfactory. Many experts have found that neuron-microglia interaction plays an essential role in NP occurrence and development. Therefore, the activation of microglia, related inflammatory mediators and molecular and cellular signaling pathways have become the focus of NP research. With the help of modern functional imaging technology, advanced pre-and clinical studies have been carried out and NP interventions have been attempted by using the different pharmaceuticals and the extracted active components of various traditional herbal medicines. In this communication, we review the mechanism of microglia on NP formation and treatment and molecular imaging technology’s role in the clinical diagnosis and evaluation of NP therapies.

中文翻译：

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神经性疼痛：通过靶向小胶质细胞激活进行生物分子干预和成像

许多疾病，包括癌症，都可能导致神经性疼痛 (NP)。NP是许多病症的伴随症状之一，严重影响NP患者的生活质量。由于原因复杂，临床治疗效果一直很不理想。许多专家发现神经元与小胶质细胞的相互作用在NP的发生和发展中起着至关重要的作用。因此，小胶质细胞的激活、相关炎症介质以及分子细胞信号通路成为NP研究的重点。借助现代功能成像技术，开展了先进的前期和临床研究，并尝试使用不同的药物和各种传统草药中提取的活性成分进行NP干预。在本次交流中，我们综述了小胶质细胞对NP形成和治疗的机制以及分子影像技术在NP治疗临床诊断和评估中的作用。