miRNA-132/212 are small regulators of gene expression with a function that fulfills a vital function in diverse biological processes including neuroprotection of cells with prolonged longevity in neurons and the cardiovascular system. In neurons, miRNA-132 appears to be essential for controlling differentiation, development, and neural functioning. Indeed, it also universally promotes axon evolution, nervous migration, plasticity as well, it is suggested to be neuroprotective against neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, miRNA-132/212 disorder leads to neural developmental perturbation, and the development of degenerative disorders covering Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and epilepsy’s along with psychiatric perturbations including schizophrenia. Furthermore, the cellular mechanisms of the miRNA-132/212 have additionally been explored in cardiovascular diseases models. Also, the miRNA-132/212 family modulates cardiac hypertrophy and autophagy in cardiomyocytes. The protective and effective clinical promise of miRNA-132/212 in these systems is discussed in this review. To sum up, the current progress in innovative miRNA-based therapies for human pathologies seems of extreme concern and reveals promising novel therapeutic strategies.

miRNA-132/212 是基因表达的小调节剂，具有在多种生物过程中发挥重要作用的功能，包括对神经元和心血管系统中具有延长寿命的细胞的神经保护。在神经元中，miRNA-132 似乎对控制分化、发育和神经功能至关重要。事实上，它也普遍促进轴突进化、神经迁移、可塑性以及，它被认为对神经退行性疾病具有神经保护作用。此外，miRNA-132/212 疾病会导致神经发育紊乱，以及包括阿尔茨海默氏症、帕金森氏症和癫痫症在内的退行性疾病的发展，以及包括精神分裂症在内的精神疾病。此外，还在心血管疾病模型中探索了 miRNA-132/212 的细胞机制。此外，miRNA-132/212 家族调节心肌细胞中的心脏肥大和自噬。本综述讨论了 miRNA-132/212 在这些系统中的保护性和有效临床前景。总而言之，基于 miRNA 的创新人类病理学疗法的当前进展似乎非常令人担忧，并揭示了有希望的新治疗策略。