Abstract—In accordance with the concept of geoethnocultural systems developed in Russian cultural geography in the last quarter of the 20th century, the main components of the territorial structure of the ethnic space of the Central Asian region as of 1989 (according to the latest Soviet census) and the 2010s are identified, suggesting a radical restructuring of the ethnic space of the region in the post-Soviet period. That period showed a significant strengthening of the ethnic cores of national geoethnocultural systems and a strong narrowing of the area retaining a considerable influence of the Russian geoethnocultural system. From 1989 to 2017 the population size of the region’s countries increased from 49 to 70 million, i.e., by almost 43%, whereas the proportion of Russians in the region’s population decreased by nearly two times, from 9.5 to 6.9%. In this regard, it is proposed to strengthen the ethnocultural component in the strategy of Eurasian interstate integration, with a focus on the solution of the problems of the Russian population in the young States of Central Asia, which are actively involved in integration processes. The capital cities and territorial units of the Central Asian countries were grouped together according to the degree of ethnic transformation after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The capital cities of the states of the Central Asian region experienced the most radical ethnic transformation. Because of a significant migration influx, native ethnic groups began to make up the vast majority of the population, although in Soviet times the Republican capital cities were characterized by a preponderance of the Russian population. A significant restructuring of the ethnic structure of the population occurred in most of the previously predominantly Russian-speaking regions in the north of Kazakhstan. On the other hand, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and several regions of Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan, where the share of the nonindigenous population was low in Soviet times, experienced minimal ethnic transformation.

摘 要——根据 20 世纪下半叶俄罗斯文化地理学发展起来的地缘民族文化系统的概念，中亚地区民族空间的领土结构的主要组成部分截至 1989 年（根据苏联最新的人口普查） ) 和 2010 年代，表明该地区在后苏联时期的民族空间发生了根本性的重组。那个时期表明，国家地理民族文化系统的民族核心显着加强，而保留了俄罗斯地理民族文化系统相当大影响的区域明显缩小。从 1989 年到 2017 年，该地区国家的人口规模从 49 人增加到 7000 万人，即增加了近 43%，而俄罗斯人在该地区人口中的比例从 9 人下降了近两倍。5 至 6.9%。在这方面，建议加强欧亚国家间一体化战略中的民族文化成分，重点解决俄罗斯人口在积极参与一体化进程的年轻中亚国家的问题。苏联解体后，中亚国家的首都和领土单位根据民族转变的程度被归为一组。中亚地区国家的首都城市经历了最激进的民族转型。由于大量移民涌入，土著民族开始占人口的绝大多数，尽管在苏联时期，共和首都城市的特点是俄罗斯人口占优势。哈萨克斯坦北部大部分以前主要讲俄语的地区发生了人口种族结构的重大重组。另一方面，土库曼斯坦、塔吉克斯坦以及吉尔吉斯斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦的几个地区，在苏联时期，非土著人口的比例很低，这些地区的族裔转变很少。