Abstract

One of the most important problems today is to solve heat-supply problems and simultaneously decide the problem of energy saving. Systems of low-temperature electric infrared heaters show high efficiency. Radiant heating systems have several advantages over traditional heating systems, like the possibility of heating both the entire room and separate zones, lack of massive pipelines and air ducts and the expenditure for heat-transfer agent transportation, and lack of dust and pollutant circulation in the heated room. Using radiant heating systems can also reduce air temperature in the heated room by 1–3°C due to features of heat-transfer processes when radiant heating is used and it is allowed by building standards. Thermal comfort in rooms with radiant heating devices is created by increase in the radiation temperature of the enclosing structures' internal surfaces with a simultaneous decrease in the internal air temperature. In this case, it is necessary to achieve compliance with the first thermal comfort conditions. In order to determine whether these requirements are met and whether they comply with the current building standards, it is necessary to develop a method for calculating heat transfer in rooms with radiant heating. It is necessary to develop a methodology that will take into account all the variety of heating device configurations. The most important parameters are the dimensions of the devices, the surface temperature, and their number and location in the serviced rooms. It is also necessary to take into account the geometric parameters of premises and the material and emittance of the inner surface of enclosing structures. Heating devices for residential and public buildings are considered in the article. Due to the low height of such premises, devices with surface temperatures up to 100°C are accepted for meeting the second thermal comfort condition. The developed method has a number of assumptions that gives an error not exceeding five percent.

中文翻译：

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用辐射加热确定房间绝热表面的温度

摘要

今天最重要的问题之一是解决供热问题，同时决定节能问题。低温电红外加热器系统显示出高效率。辐射供暖系统与传统供暖系统相比有几个优点，例如可以加热整个房间和单独区域的可能性，没有大量的管道和风管以及传热剂运输的费用，以及没有灰尘和污染物循环加热的房间。使用辐射供暖系统还可以将供暖室内的空气温度降低 1–3°C，这是由于使用辐射供暖时的热传递过程的特点，并且建筑标准允许使用辐射供暖系统。具有辐射供暖设备的房间的热舒适是通过增加封闭结构内表面的辐射温度并同时降低内部空气温度来实现的。在这种情况下，必须符合第一热舒适条件。为了确定这些要求是否得到满足以及它们是否符合现行的建筑标准，有必要开发一种计算辐射供暖房间传热的方法。有必要开发一种方法来考虑所有各种加热设备配置。最重要的参数是设备的尺寸、表面温度以及它们在服务房间中的数量和位置。还需要考虑房屋的几何参数以及封闭结构内表面的材料和辐射。本文考虑了住宅和公共建筑的加热设备。由于此类场所的高度较低，表面温度高达 100°C 的设备可以满足第二热舒适条件。开发的方法有许多假设，其误差不超过 5%。