The Grain to Green Program (GTGP) has directly led to large-scale transformational land use/cover changes and has impacted ecosystem services. Therefore, it is of great importance to determine the relationship between the land use change and ecosystem services in retired farmland areas. Based on multi-temporal land use data (1980, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2018), the benefit transfer method was used to calculate the ecosystem service value (ESV), and the willingness to pay and ability to pay were then integrated into the evaluation model. In addition, we used the exploratory spatial data analysis method to systematically analyze the change characteristics of the land use and ESV. Finally, the spatial differentiation mechanisms of the ESV were identified using geographical detectors. The results showed that the transformation of the land use mainly occurred in the farmland, forestland, and grassland; the farmland showed a decreasing trend from 1980 to 2018, whereas the areas of the forestland and grassland showed an increasing trend. The ESV demonstrated an increasing trend during 1980–2018 and formed a spatial pattern with the distribution of high and low values. There was a significant positive spatial correlation in the ESV, and this spatial aggregation became increasingly intense with time. The order of different ecosystem services in the study area was as follows: regulating service > supporting service > provisioning service > cultural service, and the ecosystem service values showed an upward trend, except for the provisioning service that showed a downward trend. The spatial differentiation of the ESV is the result of a combined effect of natural factors and socioeconomic factors. With the restoration of vegetation in the retired farmland area, natural factors such as slope and elevation play a crucial role in the differentiation of the ESV.

从谷物到绿色计划 (GTGP) 直接导致了大规模的土地利用/覆盖变化，并影响了生态系统服务。因此，确定退耕地土地利用变化与生态系统服务之间的关系具有重要意义。基于多时相土地利用数据（1980年、1990年、1995年、2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年和2018年），采用利益转移法计算生态系统服务价值（ESV）、支付意愿和能力支付然后被整合到评估模型中。此外，我们采用探索性空间数据分析方法，系统分析了土地利用和ESV的变化特征。最后，使用地理探测器确定了 ESV 的空间分化机制。结果表明，土地利用转型主要发生在农田、林地和草地；1980-2018年耕地面积呈减少趋势，而林地和草地面积呈增加趋势。1980-2018年ESV呈上升趋势，形成高低值分布的空间格局。ESV 中存在显着的正空间相关性，并且这种空间聚集随着时间的推移变得越来越强烈。研究区不同生态系统服务的排序为：调节服务>支持服务>供给服务>文化服务，除供给服务值呈下降趋势外，生态系统服务价值均呈上升趋势。ESV的空间分异是自然因素和社会经济因素共同作用的结果。随着退耕地植被的恢复，坡度、高程等自然因素对ESV的分化起到了至关重要的作用。