Multiplexed detection, seeking either the simultaneous assessment of multiple analytes in the same experiment or the multi-detection of a single analyte in a complex sample matrix replete of interfering species, has gained, in recent years, a noteworthy interest amidst the analytical community. Evolving from early immunoassays or ELISA tests, mostly devoted to research purposes rather than to applied analytical objectives, multiplexed detection has been able, both alone and coupled to chemometric models, to deliver reliable and efficient analytical tools for disease diagnostics, drug and contaminants screening and biodefense applications in fields as different as clinical, pharmaceutical, food and environmental analysis. The research on nanomaterials, in particular on photoluminescent quantum dots, has paved the way for the implementation of innovative and flexible multiplexed assays since their remarkable optical properties and tailored reactivity could be arranged in many configurations, combining different fluorophores and molecular recognition elements and providing the means for the establishment of definite reaction pathways and detection modes.

This work aims at survey the optical multiplexed detection approaches using nanocrystalline materials as either PL active sensing elements or passive labels, examine the distinct roles they could play at the sensing platform, either alone or combined with other materials, and discuss their advantages, shortcomings, and application prospects.

多重检测，寻求在同一实验中同时评估多种分析物或在充满干扰物质的复杂样品基质中对单一分析物进行多重检测，近年来在分析界引起了极大的兴趣。从早期的免疫测定或 ELISA 测试发展而来，主要用于研究目的而不是应用分析目标，多重检测已经能够单独或与化学计量模型结合，为疾病诊断、药物和污染物筛查提供可靠和有效的分析工具和生物防御在临床、制药、食品和环境分析等不同领域的应用。纳米材料的研究，特别是光致发光量子点的研究，

这项工作旨在调查使用纳米晶材料作为 PL 有源传感元件或无源标签的光学多路复用检测方法，研究它们在传感平台上可以单独或与其他材料结合发挥的独特作用，并讨论它们的优点、缺点、和应用前景。