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Far-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Calculation Studies of the Conformational Dependence on the Electronic Structure and Transitions of Cyclohexane, Methyl and Dimethyl Cyclohexane, and Decalin; Effects of Axial Substitutions on the Electronic Transitions
The Journal of Physical Chemistry A ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-10 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c05688
Yusuke Morisawa 1 , Yugo Higaki 1 , Yukihiro Ozaki 2, 3
Affiliation  

Far-ultraviolet (FUV) spectra were measured for cyclohexane, methyl cyclohexane, six isomers of dimethyl cyclohexane, and cis- and trans-decalin. Attenuated total reflection-FUV (ATR-FUV) spectroscopy, which we originally proposed, provides systematic information about the excitation states of saturated organic molecules and the hyperconjugation of σ bonds. The FUV spectra of cyclohexane and methyl cyclohexane in neat liquids showed a band with central wavelengths near 155 and 162 nm. The simulation spectrum of cyclohexane calculated by time-dependent density-functional theory (TD-DFT) (CAM-B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ) gives two bands at 146 and 152 nm owing to the transition from HOMO-2 to Rydberg 3pz (Tb) and those from HOMO and HOMO-1 to Rydberg 3px/3py (Ta), respectively. The simulation spectrum of methyl cyclohexane with the equatorial substituent has peaks at approximately the same positions as cyclohexane. The calculated molar absorption coefficient is larger than that of cyclohexane, estimating the observed FUV spectra very well. The FUV spectra of dimethyl cyclohexane with two methyl substituents at the equatorial positions (trans-1,2-, cis-1,3-, and trans-1,4-) and trans-decalin had similar features to those of cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane. The TD-DFT calculations revealed that the shoulders at the shorter- and longer-wavelength sides of the band center of dimethyl cyclohexane (with methyl substituents at equatorial positions) and trans-decalin are assigned to Tb and Ta, respectively. In the case of dimethyl cyclohexane with one methyl substituent in the axial position (cis-1,2-, trans-1,3-, and cis-1,4-) and cis-decalin, the band caused by Tb decreased compared to those of the other compounds. The decrease in intensity and the longer-wavelength shift of the Tb band for dimethyl cyclohexane (with one methyl group at the axial position) and cis-decalin revealed that the band on the longer-wavelength side was assigned to the overlap band of Ta and Tb. The reason for such a large spectral alternation for the axial substitution may be the increase in the orbital energy of HOMO-2, which has its electron density concentrated at the axial C–H bond. Regarding the effect of the hyperconjugation of C–C and C–H σ orbitals, the second perturbation energies of the interaction between Cα–Hax and Cβ–Hax were estimated for molecules by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. There is a correlation between the orbital energies of HOMO-2 and the changes in vicinal interaction by axial substitution.

中文翻译:

环己烷、甲基和二甲基环己烷和十氢化萘的电子结构和跃迁的构象依赖性的远紫外光谱和量子化学计算研究;轴向置换对电子跃迁的影响

测量环己烷、甲基环己烷、二甲基环己烷的六种异构体以及顺式反式的远紫外 (FUV) 光谱-十氢化萘。我们最初提出的衰减全反射-FUV (ATR-FUV) 光谱提供了关于饱和有机分子的激发态和 σ 键的超共轭的系统信息。纯液体中环己烷和甲基环己烷的 FUV 光谱显示中心波长接近 155 和 162 nm 的波段。由于从 HOMO-2 到 Rydberg 3pz 的跃迁,通过时间相关密度泛函理论 (TD-DFT) (CAM-B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ) 计算的环己烷模拟光谱在 146 和 152 nm 处给出了两个波段( Tb) 以及分别从 HOMO 和 HOMO-1 到 Rydberg 3px/3py (Ta) 的那些。具有赤道取代基的甲基环己烷的模拟光谱在与环己烷大致相同的位置具有峰。计算出的摩尔吸光系数比环己烷大,很好地估计观察到的 FUV 光谱。在赤道位置具有两个甲基取代基的二甲基环己烷的 FUV 光谱(反式-1,2-,顺式-1,3-和反式-1,4-)和反式-decalin也有类似的功能,这些环己烷和甲基环己烷。TD-DFT 计算表明,二甲基环己烷(在赤道位置有甲基取代基)和萘烷的带中心的较短和较长波长侧的肩峰分别分配给 Tb 和 Ta。对于在轴向位置具有一个甲基取代基的二甲基环己烷(-1,2- 、反式-1,3-和顺式-1,4-)和顺式-十氢化萘,与其他化合物相比,由 Tb 引起的带减少。二甲基环己烷(在轴向位置有一个甲基)和顺式萘烷的 Tb 带强度降低和较长波长偏移表明较长波长侧的带被指定为 Ta 和结核病。轴向置换产生如此大的光谱变化的原因可能是 HOMO-2 的轨道能量增加,其电子密度集中在轴向 C-H 键上。关于 C-C 和 C-H σ 轨道超共轭的影响,C α -H ax和 C β -H ax相互作用的第二微扰能通过自然键轨道(NBO)分析估计分子。HOMO-2 的轨道能量与轴向置换引起的邻位相互作用的变化之间存在相关性。
更新日期:2021-09-23
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