In the present study, black liquor carbonization has been investigated by hydrothermal process. The activated carbon from the carbonization of black liquor (AC-BL) and biomass-based activated carbon from citrus sinensis flavedos (AC-OP) has been investigated for suitability in supercapacitor application. The study has analyzed the electrochemical measurement of both AC-BL and AC-OP in electrochemical stations. The role of stable hydroxyl molecules on the surface of carbon material has been observed and its effective conductivity is studied. The superior performance of AC-OP-derived nanoporous carbon has fast ionic and electronic diffusion of the electrolyte in and out of the pores during charging and discharging due to high surface area. AC-BL exhibited with an EDLC mechanism, but AC-OP shows the pseudocapacitance property. The porous structure and oxygen doping characteristics in AC-BL can influence the potential electrode material for applications in the field of supercapacitors. With the help of this movement, the electronic conductivity of the AC-BL has been increased. In general, the electrochemical stability of the EDLC is far better than the pseudocapacitor. From the GCD analysis, it is observed that the specific capacitance of 17.4 and 148.2 F g⁻¹ is obtained from GCD spectra for AC-BL and AC-OP, respectively. From the EIS analysis, the ESR value is very small for AC-BL (60 Ω), when compared to AC-OP (155 Ω). To conclude that the EIS results of low conductivity by AC-BL have the potential to be future supercapacitors with enhanced treatment in carbonization techniques.

在本研究中，黑液碳化已通过水热法进行了研究。已经研究了来自黑液碳化的活性炭 (AC-BL) 和来自柑橘黄皮 (AC-OP) 的生物质基活性炭在超级电容器应用中的适用性。该研究分析了电化学站中 AC-BL 和 AC-OP 的电化学测量。观察了稳定的羟基分子在碳材料表面的作用，并研究了其有效导电性。AC-OP 衍生的纳米多孔碳的优越性能在充电和放电过程中由于高表面积使电解质快速离子和电子扩散进出孔隙。AC-BL 表现出 EDLC 机制，但 AC-OP 表现出赝电容特性。AC-BL 的多孔结构和氧掺杂特性可以影响超级电容器领域应用的潜在电极材料。在这种运动的帮助下，AC-BL 的电子传导性增加了。一般来说，EDLC 的电化学稳定性远优于赝电容器。从 GCD 分析可以看出，17.4 和 148.2 F g 的比电容^{-1 分别}从 AC-BL 和 AC-OP 的 GCD 光谱中获得。根据 EIS 分析，与 AC-OP (155 Ω) 相比，AC-BL (60 Ω) 的 ESR 值非常小。得出的结论是，AC-BL 的低电导率 EIS 结果有可能成为未来在碳化技术中进行强化处理的超级电容器。