The methanol-to-dimethyl ether (MTD) process has been considered one of the potential methods for manufacturing environmentally friendly fuel, i.e., dimethyl ether (DME). The process requires an efficient, stable, and sustainable catalyst. Herein, metal-organic frameworks (MOF-5, zinc-terephthalate framework) and ZIF-8 (zeolitic imidazolate framework, zinc-imidazolate) were used as sacrificial precursors for the fabrication of MOF-derived ZnO@carbon (ZnO@C) via carbonization at different temperatures. The materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA)), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transforms infrared (FT-IR), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The material's acidity was evaluated using isopropyl alcohol dehydration, chemisorption, and pyridine-temperature programming desorption (TPD) analysis. Data analysis reveals that the acidity of ZnO@C is due to Brønsted acidic sites of weak and intermediate strength. ZnO@C catalysts showed an excellent catalytic conversion (100%) towards DME via methanol dehydration with a selectivity of 100%. They displayed a high conversion and selectivity, increasing the percentage of methanol in the reacting stream and gas hourly space velocity (GHSV). They can be recycled several times with high catalytic activity and long-term stability for 160 h.

甲醇制二甲醚 (MTD) 工艺已被认为是制造环保燃料，即二甲醚 (DME) 的潜在方法之一。该过程需要高效、稳定和可持续的催化剂。在此，金属有机骨架（MOF-5，对苯二甲酸锌骨架）和 ZIF-8（咪唑沸石骨架，咪唑酸锌）用作牺牲前驱体，用于制备 MOF 衍生的 ZnO@carbon（ZnO@C）不同温度下的碳化。使用 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、热分析 (热重分析 (TGA) 和差热分析 (DTA))、X 射线光电子能谱 (XPS)、傅里叶变换红外 (FT-IR) 和氮对材料进行表征吸附-解吸等温线。材料' 使用异丙醇脱水、化学吸附和吡啶程序升温脱附 (TPD) 分析评估酸度。数据分析表明，ZnO@C 的酸性是由于弱和中等强度的 Brønsted 酸性位点。ZnO@C 催化剂通过甲醇脱水对 DME 表现出优异的催化转化率（100%），选择性为 100%。它们显示出高转化率和选择性，增加了反应流中甲醇的百分比和气时空速 (GHSV)。它们可以多次循环使用，具有高催化活性和 160 小时的长期稳定性。ZnO@C 催化剂通过甲醇脱水对 DME 表现出优异的催化转化率（100%），选择性为 100%。它们显示出高转化率和选择性，增加了反应流中甲醇的百分比和气时空速 (GHSV)。它们可以多次循环使用，具有高催化活性和 160 小时的长期稳定性。ZnO@C 催化剂通过甲醇脱水对 DME 表现出优异的催化转化率（100%），选择性为 100%。它们显示出高转化率和选择性，增加了反应流中甲醇的百分比和气时空速 (GHSV)。它们可以多次循环使用，具有高催化活性和 160 小时的长期稳定性。