Graphene oxide (GO), for its unique structure with high biocompatibility and designability, is widely used in the antibacterial field. Various strategies have been designed to fabricate GO-based composites with antibacterial properties. This review summarized these strategies, divided them into three types and interpreted their antibacterial mechanisms: (i) “GO*/non-GO” type in which GO acts as the single antibacterial core, (ii) “GO*/non-GO*” type in which GO and non-GO components function synergistically as dual antibacterial cores, (iii) “GO/non-GO*” type in which non-GO acts as the single antibacterial core, while GO component plays a supportive, not a dominant role in antibiosis. Besides, the fields suiting their applications and factors influencing their antibacterial properties were analyzed. Finally, the limitations and prospects in the current researches were discussed. In summary, GO-based composites have revolutionized antibacterial strategies. This review may serve as a reference to inspire further research on GO-based antibacterial composites.

氧化石墨烯（GO）以其独特的结构、高生物相容性和可设计性而被广泛应用于抗菌领域。已经设计了各种策略来制造具有抗菌性能的 GO 基复合材料。本综述总结了这些策略，将它们分为三种类型并解释了它们的抗菌机制：（i）GO作为单一抗菌核心的“GO*/non-GO”类型，（ii）“GO*/non-GO*” ”类型，其中 GO 和非 GO 组分作为双抗菌核心协同发挥作用，（iii）“GO/non-GO*”类型，其中非 GO 作为单一抗菌核心，而 GO 组分起支持作用，而不是抗菌作用占主导地位。此外，分析了适合其应用的领域和影响其抗菌性能的因素。最后，讨论了当前研究的局限性和前景。总之，基于 GO 的复合材料已经彻底改变了抗菌策略。该综述可作为参考，以启发对 GO 基抗菌复合材料的进一步研究。