Recent trends in pursuing green ports have had positive effects on terminal operators constructing more eco-friendly decision schemes. A yard template in a container port not only determines the scheduling of the terminal handling equipment by container allocation, but also affects the carbon emissions from yard trucks caused by loading and unloading operations, due to the differing degree of yard road congestion. Moreover, the uncertainty regarding the number of transporting containers makes it challenging to construct a robust yard template for a container terminal. Motivated by research pointing to the need to alleviate the exhaust pollution generated by port handling equipment, this paper presents a two-stage stochastic programming model for yard template planning, with the aim of minimizing the maintenance and manpower costs of activating yard cranes for container handling and of reducing the carbon dioxide emitted from yard trucks. More specifically, the paper considers the impact of road congestion on carbon dioxide emissions from the perspective of the increase in transportation time caused by yard truck interruptions. The uncertainty regarding the number of transport containers is reflected by taking into account numerous scenarios in which different numbers of containers are loaded onto (discharged from) vessels that visit the port periodically. In addition, an improved Benders decomposition-based solution method is designed to solve the proposed model with large-scale problem instances. Several experiments are performed to validate the effectiveness of the model and the efficiency of the method. The numerical results demonstrate that yard template planning that considers road congestion can effectively reduce the carbon emissions of yard trucks in loading and unloading operations.

最近追求绿色港口的趋势对码头运营商构建更环保的决策方案产生了积极影响。集装箱港口的堆场模板不仅通过集装箱分配来决定码头装卸设备的调度，而且由于堆场道路拥堵程度的不同，还会影响装卸作业引起的堆场卡车的碳排放。此外，运输集装箱数量的不确定性使得为集装箱码头构建稳健的堆场模板具有挑战性。受研究表明需要减轻港口装卸设备产生的废气污染，本文提出了一种用于堆场模板规划的两阶段随机规划模型，目的是最大限度地减少启用堆场起重机进行集装箱装卸的维护和人力成本，并减少堆场卡车排放的二氧化碳。更具体地说，该论文从堆场卡车中断导致运输时间增加的角度考虑道路拥堵对二氧化碳排放的影响。运输集装箱数量的不确定性反映在考虑到许多不同数量的集装箱装载（从）定期访问港口的船只上的情况。此外，设计了一种改进的基于 Benders 分解的求解方法来求解具有大规模问题实例的模型。进行了多次实验以验证模型的有效性和方法的效率。