The increasing environmental deterioration that cities face, such as heat island effects, noise and air pollution, can be mitigated by urban park benefits (UPBs). As a result, UPBs are closely related to the well-being of urban residents and are considered an important element of environmental equity. However, the spatial coverage of UPBs considered in previous studies is restricted to the location of urban parks, and the spatial transfer capability of some UPB types is largely ignored. This study divides UPBs into four categories, i.e., park entry benefits, small space benefits, medium space benefits, and size-determined benefits. We investigate the acquisition levels of these four UPB categories in Shanghai's central city by park accessibility indices, integrating spatial and social dimensions. The results show that sub-districts with higher socioeconomic status are more likely to have good access to the four UPB categories. Fortunately, elderly and unemployed individuals also have easier access to UPBs as do those with higher socio-economic status. Despite parents' desire to have parks nearby for their children's growth, inequities of access to UPBs are found among children. The research methods and results of this paper have implications for urban planning practices.

城市面临的日益严重的环境恶化，例如热岛效应、噪音和空气污染，可以通过城市公园收益 (UPB) 来缓解。因此，UPB 与城市居民的福祉密切相关，被认为是环境公平的重要因素。然而，以往研究中考虑的 UPB 的空间覆盖仅限于城市公园的位置，并且在很大程度上忽略了某些 UPB 类型的空间转移能力。本研究将 UPB 分为四类，即进入公园的好处、小空间的好处、中等空间的好处和大小决定的好处。我们通过公园可达性指数，结合空间和社会维度，调查了上海中心城市这四个 UPB 类别的获取水平。结果表明，社会经济地位较高的分区更有可能获得四个 UPB 类别的良好机会。幸运的是，与社会经济地位较高的人一样，老年人和失业者也更容易获得 UPB。尽管父母希望附近有公园以促进孩子的成长，但在儿童中发现使用 UPB 的机会不公平。本文的研究方法和结果对城市规划实践具有启示意义。