Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease in women worldwide. Early diagnosis and treatment can greatly improve the management of breast cancer. Liquid biopsies are becoming convenient detection methods for diagnosing and monitoring breast cancer due to their non-invasiveness and ability to provide real-time feedback. A range of liquid biopsy markers, including circulating tumor proteins, circulating tumor cells, and circulating tumor nucleic acids, have been implemented for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis, with each having its own advantages and limitations. Circulating extracellular vesicles are messengers of intercellular communication that are packed with information from mother cells and are found in a wide variety of bodily fluids; thus, they are emerging as ideal candidates for liquid biopsy biomarkers. In this review, we summarize extracellular vesicle protein markers that can be potentially used for the early diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer or determining its specific subtypes.

中文翻译：

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用于液体活检的乳腺癌细胞外囊泡中的蛋白质生物标志物

乳腺癌是全球女性最常见的恶性疾病。早期诊断和治疗可以大大改善乳腺癌的管理。由于其非侵入性和提供实时反馈的能力，液体活检正成为诊断和监测乳腺癌的便捷检测方法。一系列液体活检标志物，包括循环肿瘤蛋白、循环肿瘤细胞和循环肿瘤核酸，已应用于乳腺癌的诊断和预后，各有其优点和局限性。循环的细胞外囊泡是细胞间通讯的信使，它充满了来自母细胞的信息，存在于各种体液中。因此，它们正在成为液体活检生物标志物的理想候选者。在这次审查中，