Introduction

Magnetoencephalography (MEG), allows for a high degree temporal and spatial accuracy in recording cortical oscillatory activity and evoked fields. To date, no review has been undertaken to synthesise all MEG studies in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). We undertook a Systematic Review of the utility of MEG in MS.

Methods

We identified MEG studies carried out in MS using EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane, TRIP and Psychinfo databases. We included original research articles with a cohort of minimum of five multiple sclerosis patients and quantifying of at least one MEG parameter. We used a modified version of the JBI (mJBI) for case-control studies to assess for risk of bias.

Results

We identified 30 studies from 13 centres involving at least 433 MS patients and 347 controls. We found evidence that MEG shows perturbed activity (most commonly reduced power modulations), reduced connectivity and association with altered clinical function in Multiple Sclerosis. Specific replicated findings were decreased motor induced responses in the beta band, diminished increase of gamma power after visual stimulation, increased latency and reduced connectivity for somatosensory evoked fields. There was an association between upper alpha connectivity and cognitive measures in people with MS. Overall studies were of moderate quality (mean mJBI score 6.7).

Discussion

We find evidence for the utility of MEG in Multiple Sclerosis. Event-related designs are of particular value and show replicability between centres. At this stage, it is not clear whether these changes are specific to Multiple Sclerosis or are also observable in other diseases. Further studies should look to explore cognitive control in more depth using in-task designs and undertake longitudinal studies to determine whether these changes have prognostic value.

中文翻译：

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脑磁图在多发性硬化症中的应用——系统评价

介绍

脑磁图 (MEG) 允许在记录皮质振荡活动和诱发场时具有高度的时间和空间准确性。迄今为止，尚未对多发性硬化症 (MS) 中的所有 MEG 研究进行综述。我们对 MEG 在 MS 中的效用进行了系统评价。

方法

我们使用 EMBASE、Medline、Cochrane、TRIP 和 Psychinfo 数据库确定了在 MS 中进行的 MEG 研究。我们纳入了一组至少有 5 名多发性硬化症患者并量化了至少一个 MEG 参数的原始研究文章。我们使用改良版的 JBI (mJBI) 进行病例对照研究，以评估偏倚风险。

结果

我们确定了来自 13 个中心的 30 项研究，涉及至少 433 名 MS 患者和 347 名对照。我们发现有证据表明 MEG 在多发性硬化症中表现出扰动活动（最常见的是功率调制降低）、连接性降低以及与临床功能改变的关联。具体的重复发现是 β 波段的运动诱导反应减少、视觉刺激后伽马功率增加减少、延迟增加和体感诱发场的连接减少。MS 患者的上阿尔法连通性与认知测量之间存在关联。总体研究质量中等（平均 mJBI 评分 6.7）。

讨论

我们发现 MEG 在多发性硬化症中的效用的证据。与活动相关的设计具有特殊价值，并显示出中心之间的可复制性。在这个阶段，尚不清楚这些变化是多发性硬化症特有的，还是在其他疾病中也可以观察到。进一步的研究应该寻求使用任务内设计更深入地探索认知控制，并进行纵向研究以确定这些变化是否具有预后价值。