Despite being highly preventable, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer and cause of cancer death in women globally. In low-income countries, cervical cancer is often the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are at a particularly high risk of cervical cancer because of an impaired immune response to human papillomavirus, the obligate cause of virtually all cervical cancers. Globally, approximately 1 in 20 cervical cancers is attributable to HIV; in sub-Saharan Africa, approximately 1 in 5 cervical cancers is due to HIV. Here, the authors provide a critical appraisal of the evidence to date on the impact of HIV disease on cervical cancer risk, describe key methodologic issues, and frame the key outstanding research questions, especially as they apply to ongoing global efforts for prevention and control of cervical cancer. Expanded efforts to integrate HIV care with cervical cancer prevention and control, and vice versa, could assist the global effort to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health problem.

中文翻译：

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人类免疫缺陷病毒感染妇女的宫颈癌预防和控制


尽管宫颈癌是高度可预防的，但它是全球女性第四大常见癌症和癌症死亡原因。在低收入国家，宫颈癌往往是癌症相关发病率和死亡率的主要原因。感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/获得性免疫缺陷综合症的女性患宫颈癌的风险特别高，因为对人乳头瘤病毒的免疫反应受损，而人乳头瘤病毒是几乎所有宫颈癌的必然原因。在全球范围内，大约二十分之一的宫颈癌是由艾滋病毒引起的；在撒哈拉以南非洲，大约五分之一的宫颈癌是由艾滋病毒引起的。在这里，作者对迄今为止有关艾滋病毒疾病对宫颈癌风险影响的证据进行了批判性评估，描述了关键的方法学问题，并提出了关键的悬而未决的研究问题，特别是当它们适用于当前全球预防和控制宫颈癌的努力时宫颈癌。扩大努力将艾滋病毒护理与宫颈癌预防和控制相结合，反之亦然，可以帮助全球努力消除宫颈癌这一公共卫生问题。