Rechargeable batteries that use Li metal as anode are regarded as the most viable alternative to state-of-the-art lithium ion batteries (LIBs), since Li metal batteries (LMBs) are capable of higher-density energy storage. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2019 awarded to J. B. Goodenough, S. M. Whittingham, and A. Yoshino for their contributions to the development of LIBs, drew increasing attention to the design of LMBs. Due to the highly reactive nature of metallic lithium and the need to tweak the design of cathode, electrolyte and anode, the industrial success of LMBs has yet to be achieved. In a battery cell, polymeric materials were traditionally used only as separators, cathode binders and packaging materials. In contrast, the enormous progress achieved in a century of polymer chemistry has enabled a large variety of application of polymers in numerous areas of material science. The design and implementation of functional polymers in LMBs is crucial to enhance their practical performance, safety and durability, paving the way to LMB commercialization. This review describes recent advances in the synthesis and tailoring of functional polymer materials to improve the stability of LMBs. The role and application of polymers in different parts of an LMB are presented, including anode, cathode, electrolyte and anode/electrolyte interphases.

使用锂金属作为负极的可充电电池被认为是最先进的锂离子电池 (LIB) 的最可行替代品，因为锂金属电池 (LMB) 能够存储更高密度的能量。2019 年诺贝尔化学奖授予 JB Goodenough、SM Whittingham 和 A. Yoshino，以表彰他们对 LIB 开发的贡献，这引起了人们对 LMB 设计的越来越多的关注。由于金属锂的高反应性以及需要调整阴极、电解质和阳极的设计，LMBs 尚未在工业上取得成功。在电池中，聚合物材料传统上仅用作隔板、阴极粘合剂和包装材料。相比之下，一个世纪的高分子化学取得的巨大进步使得高分子在材料科学的众多领域得到了广泛的应用。LMB 中功能聚合物的设计和实施对于提高其实用性能、安全性和耐用性至关重要，为 LMB 商业化铺平了道路。本综述描述了功能聚合物材料的合成和定制以提高 LMB 稳定性的最新进展。介绍了聚合物在 LMB 不同部分的作用和应用，包括阳极、阴极、电解质和阳极/电解质界面。本综述描述了功能聚合物材料的合成和定制以提高 LMB 稳定性的最新进展。介绍了聚合物在 LMB 不同部分的作用和应用，包括阳极、阴极、电解质和阳极/电解质界面。本综述描述了功能聚合物材料的合成和定制以提高 LMB 稳定性的最新进展。介绍了聚合物在 LMB 不同部分的作用和应用，包括阳极、阴极、电解质和阳极/电解质界面。