It has been widely recognized that human life and welfare depend on ecological systems. Although forests provide an important range of ecosystem services, they are heavily threatened by deforestation. In recent years, Colombian deforestation rates have rapidly increased, which is partially explained by the end of the armed conflict but is also driven by both legal and illegal factors. We analyze the drivers and the effects of deforestation in Colombia from a systemic perspective, conceptualized under the socio-ecological systems approach. This allows us to map and understand the underlying dynamic complexity of deforestation, considering factors such as low institutional capacity, governance, social context, and imperfect enforcement of regulations. Our results show that both legal and illegal drivers of deforestation create reinforcing loops that will keep increasing deforestation as long as these activities are profitable. The balancing loops that could slow down and stop deforestation are determined by governance schemes, the self-regulation of local communities, and the recognition of the valuable services provided by forests. Given the heterogeneous conditions in Colombia, deforestation requires local analysis which encompasses the site-specific context. Visualizing and understanding the entire picture of driving forces in causal loop diagrams is our main contribution to the conventional and existing assessments of deforestation in Colombia.

人们普遍认为，人类的生命和福利取决于生态系统。尽管森林提供了一系列重要的生态系统服务，但它们受到森林砍伐的严重威胁。近年来，哥伦比亚的森林砍伐率迅速上升，部分原因是武装冲突的结束，但也有合法和非法因素的推动。我们从系统的角度分析了哥伦比亚森林砍伐的驱动因素和影响，并在社会生态系统方法下进行了概念化。这使我们能够在考虑机构能力低下、治理、社会背景和法规执行不完善等因素的情况下绘制和理解毁林的潜在动态复杂性。我们的结果表明，森林砍伐的合法和非法驱动因素都会形成强化循环，只要这些活动有利可图，森林砍伐就会不断增加。可以减缓和阻止森林砍伐的平衡循环取决于治理计划、当地社区的自律以及对森林提供的宝贵服务的认可。鉴于哥伦比亚的异质条件，森林砍伐需要包括特定地点背景的本地分析。在因果循环图中可视化和理解驱动力的全貌是我们对哥伦比亚森林砍伐的传统和现有评估的主要贡献。可以减缓和阻止森林砍伐的平衡循环取决于治理计划、当地社区的自律以及对森林提供的宝贵服务的认可。鉴于哥伦比亚的异质条件，森林砍伐需要包括特定地点背景的本地分析。在因果循环图中可视化和理解驱动力的全貌是我们对哥伦比亚森林砍伐的传统和现有评估的主要贡献。可以减缓和阻止森林砍伐的平衡循环取决于治理计划、当地社区的自律以及对森林提供的宝贵服务的认可。鉴于哥伦比亚的异质条件，森林砍伐需要包括特定地点背景的本地分析。在因果循环图中可视化和理解驱动力的全貌是我们对哥伦比亚森林砍伐的传统和现有评估的主要贡献。