Purpose

There is an increasingly growing interest in treading beyond the traditional university goals of teaching and research to focus on their contribution to society through knowledge transfer (KT) performance activities. This paper aims to determine how performance management systems (PMSs) encourage lecturers to engage in the transfer of knowledge from higher education institutions (HEIs) to society.

Design/methodology/approach

This study is based on a sample of 3,812 Spanish university lecturers surveyed about different PMS tools – strategic plans, budgeting, meetings and reward systems – and different KT activities – research and development contracts, patents, extended patents, licenses, services and spin-offs – for the 2011–2016 period. A logit model was applied for the statistical analyzes.

Findings

As expected, enabling the use of these tools generally increases the probability of producing KT while only in some cases does coercive use reduce it. Moreover, combining enabling and coercive uses does not increase the likelihood of KT performance.

Practical implications

University policymakers and managers should reduce the gap between KT and research and teaching by, for example, examining the effects of their performance management practices on scholars’ perceptions and their subsequent behavior.

Originality/value

Despite previous literature states that coercive use decreases performance, the authors reveal that this is not the case for KT performance in HEIs. According to the findings, a specific record of KT, i.e. a coercive strategic plan tool, has a consistently positive effect on all four KT activities as follows: R&D contracts, patents, extended patents and licenses.

中文翻译：

---

大学如何让讲师参与知识转移？分析绩效管理系统的影响

目的

人们越来越有兴趣超越传统的大学教学和研究目标，专注于通过知识转移 (KT) 表现活动对社会做出贡献。本文旨在确定绩效管理系统 (PMS) 如何鼓励讲师参与从高等教育机构 (HEI) 到社会的知识转移。

设计/方法/方法

本研究以 3,812 名西班牙大学讲师的样本为基础，他们就不同的 PMS 工具——战略计划、预算、会议和奖励制度——以及不同的 KT 活动——研发合同、专利、扩展专利、许可、服务和分拆进行了调查– 2011-2016 年期间。Logit 模型用于统计分析。

发现

正如预期的那样，启用这些工具的使用通常会增加产生 KT 的可能性，而仅在某些情况下强制使用会降低它。此外，结合使用和强制使用不会增加 KT 性能的可能性。

实际影响

大学政策制定者和管理人员应缩小知识技术与研究和教学之间的差距，例如，检查他们的绩效管理实践对学者的看法和随后的行为的影响。

原创性/价值

尽管先前的文献指出强制使用会降低性能，但作者揭示了 HEI 中的 KT 性能并非如此。根据调查结果，KT 的特定记录，即强制性战略计划工具，对以下所有四项 KT 活动具有持续的积极影响：研发合同、专利、扩展专利和许可。