A helmet, comprising a transparent hood and a soft collar, surrounding the patient’s head can be used to deliver noninvasive ventilatory support, both as continuous positive airway pressure and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV), the latter providing active support for inspiration. In this review, we summarize the technical aspects relevant to this device, particularly how to prevent CO2 rebreathing and improve patient–ventilator synchrony during NPPV. Clinical studies describe the application of helmets in cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, pneumonia, COVID-19, postextubation and immune suppression. A section is dedicated to paediatric use. In summary, helmet therapy can be used safely and effectively to provide NIV during hypoxemic respiratory failure, improving oxygenation and possibly leading to better patient-centred outcomes than other interfaces.

中文翻译：

---

使用头盔提供无创通气支持：技术方面和临床发现的全面审查

头盔由一个透明的头罩和一个软领环绕着患者的头部，可用于提供无创通气支持，包括持续气道正压通气和无创正压通气 (NPPV)，后者为吸气提供主动支持。在这篇综述中，我们总结了与该设备相关的技术方面，特别是如何在 NPPV 期间防止 CO2 再呼吸和改善患者与呼吸机的同步。临床研究描述了头盔在心源性肺水肿、肺炎、COVID-19、拔管后和免疫抑制中的应用。一个部分专门用于儿科使用。总之，头盔疗法可以安全有效地用于在低氧性呼吸衰竭期间提供 NIV，