The accumulation of heavy metals (HMs) in soil is presently a significant threat to the environment. The Cu, Mn, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, and Co concentrations were assessed in the agricultural soil samples. The results of various contamination indices including contamination factor, geo-accumulation indices, and ecological risk indices revealed that Cd is responsible for moderate to high contamination of soil. The multivariate statistical analyses including PCA, HCA, and correlation matrix suggested the mixed origin of HMs in the soil. Ingestion was found to be a primary route of exposure while dermal and inhalation exposure was negligible. Overall, the non-carcinogenic health risks were well within the safe limit to human health. However, healthwise, children were likely to be at greater risk compared with adults, due to their generally increased exposure to toxic agents through hand/mouth ingestion. Moreover, no carcinogenic risks were determined through the inhalation exposure of Cd, Ni, and Co.

目前，土壤中重金属 (HMs) 的积累是对环境的重大威胁。在农业土壤样品中评估了 Cu、Mn、Zn、Cd、Pb、Ni 和 Co 的浓度。污染因子、地累积指数和生态风险指数等各种污染指数的结果表明，Cd 是造成土壤中度至高度污染的原因。包括PCA、HCA和相关矩阵在内的多变量统计分析表明土壤中HMs的混合来源。发现摄入是主要的接触途径，而皮肤和吸入接触可以忽略不计。总体而言，非致癌健康风险完全在人类健康的安全限度内。然而，在健康方面，与成人相比，儿童可能面临更大的风险，由于他们通常会通过手/口摄入增加接触有毒物质。此外，未通过 Cd、Ni 和 Co 的吸入暴露确定致癌风险。