Abstract

Hazardous alcohol use is one of the leading risk factors for morbidity and mortality in the world. Early identification and brief interventions (EIBIs) delivered in primary care is an effective but underutilized strategy to address this issue. Community-oriented strategies (COS) are suggested to facilitate EIBI delivery. COS are public health activities directed to the general population raising awareness and encouraging behaviour change. Unfortunately, it remains unclear what these COS should comprise and what their added value might be in EIBI delivery. To map the available information on COS aiming to facilitate alcohol-related EIBI delivery in general practice. A scoping review, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping reviews guidelines, was used to map both grey and peer-reviewed literature. Of the 6586 information sources screened, 8 sources were retained in this review. Three COS are currently described in the literature, all with their different components. They include the use of mass media, self-assessment tools and waiting room actions. Waiting room actions comprising audio recordings or computerized self-assessment tools significantly increase the discussion on alcohol use in primary care. The effect of mass media and community-wide self-assessment tools on EIBI delivery remains to be determined. Currently, the described COS lack empirical justification to motivate their added value in facilitating EIBI delivery. However, a theoretical reflection showed the use of a limited set of behaviour change techniques, which might support the use of COS. There remains a lot of possible strategies to explore. This review highlights the current evidence gap and discusses the next steps.

中文翻译：

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绘制以社区为导向的战略的关键组成部分，以促进与酒精相关的早期识别和一般实践中的简短干预：范围审查

摘要

危险的酒精使用是世界上发病率和死亡率的主要风险因素之一。在初级保健中提供的早期识别和简短干预 (EIBI) 是解决此问题的有效但未充分利用的策略。建议以社区为导向的策略 (COS) 来促进 EIBI 的交付。COS 是针对普通人群的公共卫生活动，旨在提高认识并鼓励行为改变。不幸的是，目前尚不清楚这些 COS 应包含哪些内容，以及它们在 EIBI 交付中的附加价值。绘制关于 COS 的可用信息，旨在促进在一般实践中与酒精相关的 EIBI 交付。范围界定审查，遵循系统评价的首选报告项目和范围界定审查的元分析指南，用于绘制灰色和同行评审文献。在筛选的 6586 个信息来源中，本次审查保留了 8 个来源。文献中目前描述了三种 COS，它们都有不同的成分。它们包括使用大众媒体、自我评估工具和候诊室行动。包括录音或计算机化自我评估工具在内的候诊室行动显着增加了对初级保健中酒精使用的讨论。大众媒体和社区范围内的自我评估工具对 EIBI 交付的影响仍有待确定。目前，所描述的 COS 缺乏经验证明来激发它们在促进 EIBI 交付方面的附加值。然而，理论反思表明使用了一组有限的行为改变技术，这可能支持 COS 的使用。还有很多可能的策略需要探索。