Background: Malaria is a vector-borne disease caused by public health important Plasmodium species. Despite the fact that Ethiopia has implemented several malaria prevention and control techniques aimed at reducing its morbidity and death, it continues as major cause of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia. Transmission dynamics are really critical for guiding the selection of the appropriate intervention in a given area. As a result, the goal of this study was to analyze the trend of malaria prevalence over the last five years in the Addis Zemen health center.
Methods: An institutional-based retrospective analysis on malaria data from 2015/16 to 2019/20 was undertaken in Addis Zemen health center of Libokemkem district. The data collectors thoroughly and systematically collected the results of 15,452 blood films performed over a five-year period from the malaria registration book in the health center. Any data missing species and stage of the parasite, as well as sociodemographic characteristics, date, month, and year of blood film performed, were omitted from the study. Finally, data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 25, with P-values of less than or equal to 0.05 deemed statistically significant variables.
Results: The overall malaria slide positivity rate over the last five years in the study area was 10.9%. From 2015/16 to 2018/19, the positive rate fell, then it spiked in 2019/20. Plasmodium falciparum was the most common parasite found, accounting for 72.6% of the total. The months of October, November, May, June, August, and September showed the largest number of malaria cases. Males, rural residents, and adult population groups were more affected by malaria, according to multivariate logistic regression (P ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion: There was high malaria morbidity case in 2019/20 as compared to the remaining years. Therefore, malaria control, prevention, and intervention programs in the district should be strengthened.



中文翻译：

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过去五年 Libokemkem 区疟疾趋势的回顾性研究：埃塞俄比亚西北部

背景：疟疾是一种由公共卫生重要的疟原虫引起的媒介传播疾病。尽管埃塞俄比亚已经实施了几种旨在降低发病率和死亡率的疟疾预防和控制技术，但它仍然是埃塞俄比亚发病率和死亡率的主要原因。传播动态对于指导在给定区域选择适当的干预措施确实至关重要。因此，本研究的目的是分析过去五年在亚的斯泽门卫生中心的疟疾流行趋势。
方法：在 Libokemkem 区的亚的斯泽门卫生中心对 2015/16 至 2019/20 的疟疾数据进行了基于机构的回顾性分析。数据收集者从健康中心的疟疾登记簿中彻底、系统地收集了五年内进行的 15,452 份血片的结果。研究中省略了任何缺少寄生虫物种和阶段的数据，以及社会人口学特征、血片检查的日期、月份和年份。最后，使用 SPSS 25 版输入和分析数据，P 值小于或等于 0.05 被认为具有统计学意义的变量。
结果：研究区过去五年的总体疟疾幻灯片阳性率为 10.9%。从 2015/16 到 2018/19，阳性率下降，然后在 2019/20 年飙升。恶性疟原虫是最常见的寄生虫，占总数的72.6%。10 月、11 月、5 月、6 月、8 月和 9 月的疟疾病例数最多。根据多元逻辑回归，男性、农村居民和成年人群受疟疾影响更大（P ≤ 0.05）。
结论：与其余年份相比，2019/20 年度疟疾发病率较高。因此，应加强该地区的疟疾控制、预防和干预计划。