Introduction

The impact of traffic-related pollution around schools on student health has attracted increased attention in recent years. As students are exposed to pollutants around schools during their daily commute, the effect of pollutant exposure on students is substantial.

Methods

A literature review of the effects of traffic-related pollution around schools on student health and mitigation measures was conducted. A simple meta-analysis on the effects of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ on respiratory health was also performed.

Results

Traffic-related pollutants have a great impact on student health. For example, NO₂, elemental carbon, and particulate matter have a significant impact on the cognition and developmental nervous systems and respiratory system of students. When concentrations are high, the prevalence of respiratory infection, asthma, tracheitis, and other diseases in children increases. Traffic-related pollutants around schools affect the cardiovascular system and are associated with allergic symptoms.

To reduce the effect of traffic-related pollution on student health, some mitigation measures are suggested. Suitable transport routes and walking routes to and from school should be planned based on the pollution levels around the school. Trees and hedges could be set up on the roads around the school to prevent the diffusion of PM. The influence of street form and building layout on pollutant diffusion should be considered in urban planning. In heavily polluted areas, pollutant filters can be used to clean the air. The government should actively reduce the number of vehicles near schools, strengthen infrastructure construction, and reduce congestion. At the social level, idle running time should be reduced.

Conclusions

We have a relatively strong understanding of the traffic pollution around schools and its impact on student health. The mitigation measures for reducing the effect of traffic pollution on student health were summarized. Future government policies and social initiatives that could be taken were proposed.

中文翻译：

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学校周围交通相关空气污染对学生健康的影响及其缓解的回顾

介绍

近年来，学校周围交通相关污染对学生健康的影响越来越受到关注。由于学生在日常通勤过程中会接触学校周围的污染物，因此接触污染物对学生的影响是巨大的。

方法

对学校周围交通相关污染对学生健康和缓解措施的影响进行了文献综述。还对 PM _2.5和 PM ₁₀对呼吸系统健康的影响进行了简单的荟萃分析。

结果

与交通有关的污染物对学生的健康有很大影响。如NO ₂、元素碳、颗粒物等对学生的认知发育、神经系统和呼吸系统有显着影响。当浓度高时，儿童呼吸道感染、哮喘、气管炎和其他疾病的患病率会增加。学校周围与交通有关的污染物会影响心血管系统，并与过敏症状有关。

为了减少交通相关污染对学生健康的影响，建议采取一些缓解措施。应根据学校周围的污染程度，规划合适的往返学校的交通路线和步行路线。可以在学校周围的道路上设置树木和树篱，以防止 PM 的扩散。城市规划应考虑街道形态和建筑布局对污染物扩散的影响。在污染严重的地区，可以使用污染物过滤器来净化空气。政府应积极减少学校附近的车辆数量，加强基础设施建设，减少拥堵。在社会层面，应减少闲置运行时间。

结论

我们对学校周围的交通污染及其对学生健康的影响有比较深入的了解。总结了减少交通污染对学生健康影响的缓解措施。提出了可能采取的未来政府政策和社会举措。