Recent developments in fuel cell (FC) and battery energy storage technologies bring a promising perspective for improving the economy and endurance of electric aircraft. However, aircraft power system configuration and power distribution strategies should be reasonably designed to enable this benefit. This paper is the first attempt to investigate the optimal energy storage system sizing and power distribution strategies for electric aircraft with hybrid FC and battery propulsion systems. First, a novel integrated energy management and parameter sizing (IEMPS) framework is established to co-design aircraft hardware and control algorithms. Under the IEMPS framework, a new real-time power distribution algorithm with a flexible ratio is established to facilitate integrated parameter optimization, which can adapt to different power system configurations. Based on the comprehensive analysis of hydrogen economy, FC aging cost, and aircraft stability, a multi-objective parameter optimization model is established to decide the size of aircraft energy storage systems and hyper-parameters in the power controller. The X-57 Maxwell, an experimental electric aircraft designed by NASA, is employed to verify the developed methods. This work provides a novel power system configuration, sizing, and power management method for future commercial aircraft design, and it can further promote the aviation electrification process.

燃料电池 (FC) 和电池储能技术的最新发展为提高电动飞机的经济性和续航能力带来了广阔前景。但是，应合理设计飞机动力系统配置和动力分配策略以实现这一优势。本文首次尝试研究具有混合燃料电池和电池推进系统的电动飞机的最佳储能系统尺寸和配电策略。首先，建立了一种新颖的集成能源管理和参数调整（IEMPS）框架来协同设计飞机硬件和控制算法。在IEMPS框架下，建立了一种新的具有灵活配比的实时配电算法，便于综合参数优化，可适应不同的电力系统配置。在综合分析氢经济性、燃料电池老化成本和飞行器稳定性的基础上，建立了多目标参数优化模型来确定飞行器储能系统的规模和功率控制器中的超参数。X-57 Maxwell 是 NASA 设计的一种实验性电动飞机，用于验证所开发的方法。这项工作为未来商用飞机的设计提供了一种新颖的电源系统配置、尺寸和电源管理方法，可以进一步推动航空电气化进程。建立了多目标参数优化模型来确定飞机储能系统的大小和功率控制器中的超参数。X-57 Maxwell 是 NASA 设计的一种实验性电动飞机，用于验证所开发的方法。这项工作为未来商用飞机的设计提供了一种新颖的电源系统配置、尺寸和电源管理方法，可以进一步推动航空电气化进程。建立了多目标参数优化模型来确定飞机储能系统的大小和功率控制器中的超参数。X-57 Maxwell 是 NASA 设计的一种实验性电动飞机，用于验证所开发的方法。这项工作为未来商用飞机的设计提供了一种新颖的电源系统配置、尺寸和电源管理方法，可以进一步推动航空电气化进程。