Purpose of Review

The strength of the relationship between diabetes, diabetic retinopathy (DR), and glaucoma remains controversial. We review evidence supporting and refuting this association and explore mechanistic pathological and treatment relationships linking these diseases.

Recent Findings

While studies have shown diabetes/DR may increase the risk for glaucoma, this remains inconsistently demonstrated. Diabetes/DR may contribute toward glaucomatous optic neuropathy indirectly (either by increasing intraocular pressure or vasculopathy) or through direct damage to the optic nerve. However, certain elements of diabetes may slow glaucoma progression, and diabetic treatment may concurrently be beneficial in glaucoma management. Diabetes plays a significant role in poor outcomes after glaucoma surgery.

Summary

While the relationship between diabetes/DR and glaucoma remains controversial, multiple mechanistic links connecting pathophysiology and management of diabetes, DR, and glaucoma have been made. However, a deeper understanding of the causes of disease association is needed.

中文翻译：

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糖尿病、糖尿病视网膜病变和青光眼之间的关联

审查目的

糖尿病、糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 和青光眼之间的关系强度仍然存在争议。我们回顾了支持和反驳这种关联的证据，并探索了将这些疾病联系起来的机制病理学和治疗关系。

最近的发现

虽然研究表明糖尿病/DR 可能会增加患青光眼的风险，但这一点仍然不一致。糖尿病/DR 可能间接（通过增加眼内压或血管病变）或通过对视神经的直接损伤导致青光眼性视神经病变。然而，糖尿病的某些因素可能会减缓青光眼的进展，而糖尿病治疗可能同时有益于青光眼的管理。糖尿病在青光眼手术后的不良结果中起着重要作用。

概括

虽然糖尿病/DR 和青光眼之间的关系仍然存在争议，但已经建立了连接糖尿病、DR 和青光眼的病理生理学和管理的多种机制联系。然而，需要更深入地了解疾病关联的原因。