Chiroptical Properties of Mechanically Interlocked Molecules,Israel Journal of Chemistry

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Chiroptical Properties of Mechanically Interlocked Molecules
Israel Journal of Chemistry ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-07 , DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202100066
Arthur H. G. David ₁ , J. Fraser Stoddart _{1,

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Affiliation

Mechanically Interlocked Molecules (MIMs), such as catenanes, knots, and rotaxanes, are a class of molecules that possess mechanical bonds. These bonds constitute an entanglement in space between components of the MIMs that cannot be separated without breaking a participating covalent bond. Although it is possible to synthesize chiral MIMs with covalent stereogenic centers, this new bond opens up the possibilities of axial, planar and helical chirality, as well as topologically chiral compounds. A growing number of chiral MIMs have been investigated and employed in numerous applications, ranging from sensing to catalysis. While the investigation of the properties of MIMs is highly developed, it is also essential to study their chiroptical properties. In this review, we focus on the chiroptical properties of chiral MIMs. We discuss their electronic circular dichroism (ECD) since these properties have been analyzed in some detail in relation to their structures and stereochemistry. Although only a few examples have been described to date, we discuss the encouraging circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) properties of MIMs. The review also includes a recent study of vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) in mechanically planar chiral rotaxanes suggesting that this technique is a promising tool for analyzing the structures of MIMs. The study of the chiroptical properties of MIMs can have a large impact on their use in materials science or as catalysts. One of the key advantage of chiral MIMs is that they provide a means of generating efficient chiroptical switches that have a bright future in the context of multiple applications.

中文翻译：

机械互锁分子的手性特性

机械互锁分子 (MIM)，例如链烷、结和轮烷，是一类具有机械键的分子。这些键构成了 MIM 组件之间的空间纠缠，如果不破坏参与的共价键就无法分离。尽管可以合成具有共价立体中心的手性 MIM，但这种新键开辟了轴向、平面和螺旋手性以及拓扑手性化合物的可能性。越来越多的手性 MIM 已被研究并用于许多应用，从传感到催化。虽然对 MIM 特性的研究已经得到高度发展，但研究它们的手性特性也很重要。在这篇综述中，我们关注手性 MIM 的手性特性。我们讨论了它们的电子圆二色性 (ECD)，因为已经详细分析了与它们的结构和立体化学相关的这些特性。尽管迄今为止只描述了几个例子，但我们讨论了 MIM 令人鼓舞的圆偏振发光 (CPL) 特性。该评论还包括最近对机械平面手性轮烷中振动圆二色性 (VCD) 的研究，表明该技术是分析 MIM 结构的有前途的工具。对 MIM 的手性光学特性的研究对其在材料科学或作为催化剂中的应用有很大的影响。手性 MIM 的一个关键优势是它们提供了一种生成高效手性光学开关的方法，这些开关在多种应用的背景下具有光明的前景。

更新日期：2021-10-25

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