In the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic, many brilliant results have been achieved, but the thermodynamics of the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has been completely neglected. This is a serious systematic error, which can compromise the results of the entire pandemic virus SARS-CoV-2 research. In the present work, we therefore study the thermodynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in its environment, from air to endosome and endosome-independent cell entry pathways. In the study of the thermodynamics of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in air, the presence of pollen, bacteria, other viruses, spores, dust, but more particularly, that of nanoparticles of health interest at the same scale threshold as the spike proteins of the pandemic virus, such as particulate matter, cannot be neglected. This work therefore starts from a comparative study of the air environments in China and Italy, the first countries affected by the infection. Currently, a correlation between the spread of infection and pollution is still very controversial. But our paper is not concerned with this. We propose some methodological notes which lead us to the formulation of a general mathematical apparatus (an energy landscape theory), suitable to explain at the molecular level the energetic configurations of the quasi-species of the pandemic virus SARS-CoV-2 in its environment. We focus on complexes between the viral particle and other objects in its environment at the scale threshold of the spikes of the viral particle. Then, we wondered if such complexes can lead to the generation of more aggressive viral variants and how to predict their populations and energy configurations, in order to plan an adequate prophylaxis.