Engineering cellular membranes with functional molecules provides an attractive strategy to manipulate cellular behaviors and functionalities. Currently, synthetic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has emerged as a promising molecular tool to engineer cellular membranes for biomedical applications due to its molecular recognition and programmable properties. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in anchoring DNA on the cellular membranes and their applications. The strategies for anchoring DNA on cell membranes were summarized. Then their applications, such as immune response activation, receptor oligomerization regulation, membrane structure mimicking, cell-surface biosensing, and construction of cell clusters, were listed. The DNA-enabled intelligent systems which were able to sense stimuli such as DNA strands, light, and metal ions were highlighted. Finally, insights regarding the remaining challenges and possible future directions were provided.

中文翻译：

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锚定在细胞膜上的脱氧核糖核酸用于生物医学应用

用功能分子工程细胞膜提供了一种有吸引力的策略来操纵细胞行为和功能。目前，合成脱氧核糖核酸 (DNA) 因其分子识别和可编程特性而成为一种有前途的分子工具，可用于设计用于生物医学应用的细胞膜。在这篇综述中，我们总结了在细胞膜上锚定 DNA 的最新进展及其应用。总结了将 DNA 锚定在细胞膜上的策略。然后列出了它们的应用，如免疫反应激活、受体寡聚化调节、膜结构模拟、细胞表面生物传感和细胞簇构建。基于 DNA 的智能系统能够感知刺激，如 DNA 链、光、和金属离子突出显示。最后，提供了有关剩余挑战和可能的未来方向的见解。